Mazalim
Abbasid government institution / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Al-Maẓālim (Arabic: المظالم, romanized: al-maẓālim, lit. 'injustices, grievances') were an ancient pre-Islamic institution that was adopted by the Abbasid Caliphate in the eighth century CE. The main purpose of the maẓālim courts was to give ordinary people redress.[1] Al-Maẓālim, or the sultan's court, was distinguished from the shurṭa or police courts.[2]