Consonants |
IPA | Examples | English approximation |
b |
(WL) biott, dubbi, (EL) biót, döbe |
bud |
d |
(WL) lader, drizz, (EL) làder, drécc |
day |
dz |
(WL) mezzaluna, ruzzà, mezz metter[1][2][3] |
cods |
dʒ |
(WL) veggia, gent, giovin, resgiô, lecc grand, (EL) ègia, regiùr[1][4] |
juice |
f |
(WL) boffà, oeuv, (EL) bofà, öf[1] |
fit |
ɡ |
(WL) gatt, bagaj, (EL) gat, bagài |
good |
h |
(EL) presidènt, sùra, dés, sich, sènt, pesàda, sigóla, pès[3][5] |
ham |
k |
(WL) can, marches, foeugh, (EL) cà, marchés, föch[1] |
sky |
l |
lacc, caròtola, (WL) ballon, vioeula, (EL) balù, viöla, pedriöl[6] |
lock |
m |
(WL) mes'cià, (EL) mes-cià, campiù[7][8] |
maid |
ɱ |
(EL) banfà, convegnì[7][8] |
triumph |
n |
nòcc, (WL) danee, (EL) danér, cantù, sentì[7][8] |
den |
ŋ |
(EL) ànga, mànche[7][8] |
long |
ɲ |
(WL) gnucca, legn, (EL) gnöca, lègn, àzegn[8] |
opinion |
p |
(WL) piasè, goeubb, (EL) piasér, gòp[1] |
spite |
r |
(WL) roeuda, porscell, corr, caròtola, vioeula, (EL) röda, porsèl, cór[6] |
trilled r |
s |
(WL) pressident, sora, dis, zuccher, lenzoeu, cazzoeula, mezz, dersett, scova, (EL) presidènt, sùra, dés, sich, sènt, pesàda, sigóla, pès, scùa[1][2][3] |
same |
ʃ |
(WL) pesciada, scigolla, pesg, scenna, scova, (EL) scéna[1][9] |
shame |
t |
(WL) todesch, giald, (EL) todèsch, zalt[1] |
stay |
ts |
(WL) zuccher, lenzoeu, cazzoeula, mezz, dersett, (EL) söcher, lensöl, casöla, mès, dersèt[1][2][3] |
pets |
tʃ |
(WL) mas'c, vegg, ciocca, cinch, cent, tucc trii, (EL) mascc, ècc, ciòca, lesiù[1][5] |
chain |
ʋ |
(WL) violin, el vent, cavej, on pò de vent, (EL) viulì, ol vènt[1][10] |
between wet and vet |
z |
desmentegà, (WL) basell, s'gionf, mezzaluna, ruzzà, mezz metter, (EL) bazèl, sgiónf, mezalüna, rözà, mès méter, zét, zùen, rezùr[1][2][3][4] |
zone |
ʒ |
(WL) resgiô, desmentegà[1][4] |
vision |
Non-native consonants |
ʎ |
(WL) botteglia, (EL) butìglia |
million |
|
Semivowels |
IPA | Examples | English approximation |
j |
(WL) piatt, tajà, mej, lezion, (EL) piàt, taià, mèi, lècc grant, töcc tré[1] |
yes |
w |
(WL) aqua, sguerc, s'ciao, (EL) àqua, sguèrs |
way |
|
Vowels[11] |
IPA | Examples | English approximation |
Short vowels |
a |
abità, (WL) mamma, Bressa, perchè, semper,[12] (EL) mama, Brèsa, cantù, pader, lombard, nacc, ach, italià[13] |
manner (Scotland) |
e |
pelà, perchè, (WL) semper, cortellin, elencà, elettrega, vedemm, besògn,[12] (EL) envéren, méter, sèmper, elencà, elètrega, edóm, bezògn, öle, vendedùr, dét, prensépe, isé, prém, mel, dré, seré, décc, énte[14] |
bay |
ɛ |
(WL) regn, adess, invern, metter, savè, domènega, (EL) règn, adès, pelà, perchè, sèmper, elencà, elètrega, edóm, bezògn, öle, vendedùr, prensépe, setèmber[14] |
bed |
i |
(WL) inscì, primm, Milan, elettrega, vedemm, besògn,[12] (EL) curtilì, saì, dümìnica, Milà, simpàtech, finìcc, cunusìcc, mìa, giardì |
beet, but shorter |
o |
(EL) s-ciào, Cóm, cólda, ólter, ólta, póch, conós, óst, modéren, colùr, popolasiù, compàgn, piemontés, ciót, faró, alóra, próa, segónt[15] |
law (RP), but shorter |
ɔ |
(WL) nòmm, anmò, Còmm, oeuli, vòlta, pocch, cognoss, (EL) nòm, amò, mama, Brèsa[13][15] |
off |
ø |
(WL) oeugg,[16] (EL) öcc, öle, töarà, cöcömer, pröa, töcc, piö, löster, cöntà, encö, zöga, löna, scör, cönt, öndes[15] |
bird (RP), but shorter |
u |
(WL) agost, modern, pocch, cognoss, sô, color, popolazion, comun, tovarà, cocumer, (EL) sul, culùr, pupulasiù, piemuntés, cumpuzisiù, alùra, amùr, put, nasiù |
cool, but shorter |
y |
(WL) tucc, pussee, luster, comunicazion, busecca, (EL) lüna, scür, cümü, büzèca |
foot (Scotland) |
Short nasal vowels[8] |
ã |
(WL) banfà, campion, canton |
sang (Scotland) |
ẽ |
(WL) sentì, asen, venditor |
sang (Southern U.S.) |
ĩ |
(WL) prinzipi, simpategh |
ring |
ũ |
(WL) compagn, piemontes, composizion, convegnì |
no English equivalent; nasalized /u/ |
ỹ |
(WL) cuntà |
no English equivalent; nasalized /y/ |
Long vowels |
aː |
(WL) pader, lombard, andaa, calda, alter[17] |
father |
eː |
(WL) mel, dree |
bay |
iː |
(WL) dii, prinzipi, finii |
beet |
oː |
(WL) calda, alter, oeuli, vòlta[15] |
law (RP) |
uː |
(WL) ciod, faroo, alora, amor |
cool |
øː |
(WL) proeuva, incoeu, oeuli, vòlta[15] |
bird (RP) |
yː |
(WL) giuga, luna, scur, cuu, cognossuu |
few (Scotland) |
Long nasal vowels[8] |
ãː |
(WL) vanga, manchi, anca, italian |
sang (Scotland) |
ẽː |
(WL) settember, seren |
sang (Southern U.S.) |
ĩː |
(WL) dinc, vint, minga, giardin |
no English equivalent; nasalized /iː/ |
ũː |
(WL) segond, pont, nazion |
no English equivalent; nasalized /uː/ |
ỹː |
(WL) cunt, vundes, comun |
no English equivalent; nasalized /yː/ |
|
Suprasegmentals |
IPA | Examples | Explanation |
ˈ |
(WL) insemma [ĩˈsɛma], (EL) ensèma [ɛnˈsɛma] |
primary stress |
ˌ |
(WL) tirabuscion [ˌti(ː)rabyˈʃũː], (EL) tirabosù [ˌtiraboˈsu] |
secondary stress |
. |
(WL) sciador [ʃi.aˈduːr], (EL) sciadùr [ʃi.aˈdur] |
syllable break |
ː |
(WL) tròpp dolz [ˌtrɔ‿ˈdːul(t)s], (EL) tròp dóls [ˌtrɔ‿ˈdːols][3] |
geminated consonant |
|