Russian conquest of the Caucasus
19th-century conquest of the Caucasus by the Russian Empire / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Russian conquest of the Caucasus mainly occurred between 1800 and 1864. The Russian Empire sought to control the region between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea. South of the mountains was the territory that is modern Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Iran and Turkey. North of the mountains was the North Caucasus region of modern Russia. The difficult conquest of the intervening mountains is known as the Caucasian War. Multiple wars were fought against the local rulers of the regions, as well as the dominant powers, the Ottoman Empire and Qajar Iran, for control. By 1864 the last regions were brought under Russian control.
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Russian conquest of the Caucasus | |||||||||||
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Part of the territorial evolution of Russia | |||||||||||
Top: "Livebridge", Campaign of Karyagin, 1805 Bottom: Capture of Erivan, 1827 | |||||||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||||||
Supported by: Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti (1800–01) |
Qajar Iran (1804–13, 1826–28) Supported by:French Empire (1807) British Empire (1809–13, 1826–28) |
Ottoman Empire (1806–12, 1828–29, 1854–56) Supported by:British Empire (1854–56) |
Caucasian Imamate (1828–59) Svaneti (1854–1857) Abkhazia (1855–56) | ||||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||||||
Paul I (1800–01)
George XII (1800) Prince David (1800–01) |
Fath-Ali Shah (1804–13, 1826–28)
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Selim III (1800–07)
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Ghazi Muhammad † (1829–32) Konstantine (1854–57) Mikhail (1855–56) | ||||||||
Units involved | |||||||||||
Qajar Army | Ottoman Army | n/a |