Sodium thiopental
Barbiturate general anesthetic / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Sodium thiopental, also known as Sodium Pentothal (a trademark of Abbott Laboratories), thiopental, thiopentone, or Trapanal (also a trademark), is a rapid-onset short-acting barbiturate general anesthetic. It is the thiobarbiturate analog of pentobarbital, and an analog of thiobarbital. Sodium thiopental was a core medicine in the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines,[4] but was supplanted by propofol.[5][6][7] Despite this, thiopental is listed as an acceptable alternative to propofol, depending on local availability and cost of these agents.[7] It was previously the first of three drugs administered during most lethal injections in the United States, but the US manufacturer Hospira stopped manufacturing the drug in 2011 and the European Union banned the export of the drug for this purpose.[8] Although thiopental abuse carries a dependency risk, its recreational use is rare.[9]
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Trade names | Pentothal, Trapanal |
Other names | Truth serum, thiopentone, thiopental |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
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Routes of administration | Intravenous (most common), oral, or rectal |
Drug class | Barbiturate |
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Protein binding | 80% |
Metabolism | Liver |
Metabolites | Pentobarbital, others |
Onset of action | 30–45 seconds |
Elimination half-life | 5.5[2]–26 hours[3] |
Duration of action | 5–10 minutes |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.694 |
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Formula | C11H17N2NaO2S |
Molar mass | 264.32 g·mol−1 |
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Chirality | Racemic mixture |
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