Toba catastrophe theory
Supereruption 74,000 years ago that may have caused a global volcanic winter / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Toba eruption (sometimes called the Toba supereruption or the Youngest Toba eruption) was a supervolcano eruption that occurred about 74,000 years ago during the Late Pleistocene[1] at the site of present-day Lake Toba in Sumatra, Indonesia. It is one of the largest known explosive eruptions in the Earth's history. The Toba catastrophe theory is that this event caused a severe global volcanic winter of six to ten years and contributed to a 1,000-year-long cooling episode, resulting in a genetic bottleneck in humans.[2][3] However, some physical evidence disputes the association with the millennium-long cold event and genetic bottleneck, and some consider the theory disproven.[4][5][6][7][8]
Toba eruption theory | |
---|---|
Volcano | Toba Caldera Complex |
Date | c. 74,000 years BP |
Location | Sumatra, Indonesia 2.6845°N 98.8756°E / 2.6845; 98.8756 |
VEI | 8 |
Impact | Impact disputed |
Deaths | (Potentially) almost all of humanity, leaving around 3,000–10,000 humans left on the planet |
Lake Toba is the resulting crater lake |