User:Mr. Ibrahem/Calcitriol
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Calcitriol is the active form of vitamin D, normally made in the kidney.[8] A manufactured form is used to treat kidney disease with low blood calcium, hyperparathyroidism due to kidney disease, low blood calcium due to hypoparathyroidism, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and familial hypophosphatemia.[7][9] It is taken by mouth or by injection into a vein.[7]
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Pronunciation | US: /ˌkælsɪˈtraɪɒl/;[1][2][3][4][5] UK: /kælˈsɪtriɒl/ |
Trade names | Rocaltrol, Calcijex, Decostriol, others |
Other names | 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 1α,25-(OH)2D3, 1,25(OH)2D[6] |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682335 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth, IV[7] |
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Protein binding | 99.9% |
Metabolism | Kidney |
Elimination half-life | 5–8 hours (adults), 27 hours (children) |
Excretion | Faeces (50%), urine (16%) |
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Formula | C27H44O3 |
Molar mass | 416.646 g·mol−1 |
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Excessive amount commonly results in weakness, headache, nausea, constipation, urinary tract infections, and abdominal pain.[7][9] Serious side effects may include high blood calcium and anaphylaxis.[7] Regular blood tests are recommended after the medication is started and when the dose is changed.[9] Calcitriol increases blood calcium (Ca2+) mainly by increasing the uptake of calcium from the intestines.[7]
Calcitriol was approved for medical use in the United States in 1978.[7] It is available as a generic medication.[9] A month supply in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about 9.70 £ as of 2019.[9] In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$27.[10] In 2017, it was the 256th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than one million prescriptions.[11][12]