Մասնակից:Tatev99/Ավազարկղ21
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Կաղապար:Short description Կաղապար:Use dmy dates
Կաղապար:Infobox settlement
Kingdom of Athens 1556 BC–1068 BC
City-state of Athens 1068 BC–322 BC
Hellenic League 338 BC–322 BC
Kingdom of Macedonia 322 BC–148 BC
Roman Republic 146 BC–27 BC
Roman Empire 27 BC–395 AD
Կաղապար:Country data Eastern Roman Empire 395–1205
Duchy of Athens 1205–1458
Կաղապար:Country data Ottoman Empire 1458–1822, 1827–1832
Կաղապար:Country data Greece 1822–1827, 1832–present
Athens is one of the oldest named cities in the world, having been continuously inhabited for perhaps 5,000 years. Situated in southern Europe, Athens became the leading city of Ancient Greece in the first millennium BC, and its cultural achievements during the 5th century BC laid the foundations of Western civilization.
During the early Middle Ages, the city experienced a decline, then recovered under the later Byzantine Empire and was relatively prosperous during the period of the Crusades (12th and 13th centuries), benefiting from Italian trade. Following a period of sharp decline under the rule of the Ottoman Empire, Athens re-emerged in the 19th century as the capital of the independent and self-governing Greek state.