Consonants |
DE | AT | CH |
Examples | English approximation |
b |
bei;[1] ab (AT, CH)[2] |
ball |
|
c |
China (AT, CH) |
cute |
ç |
ich, durch;[3] China (DE) |
hue |
d |
dann; Kleid (AT, CH)[2] |
done |
f |
für, von, Phänomen |
fuss |
ɡ |
gut; Tag (AT, CH)[2] |
guest |
h |
hat |
hut |
j |
Jahr, Yo-Yo |
yard |
k |
kann, cremen, sechs; Tag (DE);[2] |
cold |
l |
Leben |
last |
l̩ |
Mantel |
bottle |
m |
Mann |
must |
m̩ |
großem |
rhythm |
n |
Name |
not |
n̩ |
beiden |
sudden |
ŋ |
lang |
long |
p |
Person, ab (DE)[2] |
puck |
pf |
Pfeffer |
cupful |
ʁ |
r |
reden[4] |
DE: French rouge AT, CH: Scottish red |
s |
lassen, groß, Haus |
fast |
ʃ |
schon, Stadt, spitz, Champagner, Ski |
shall |
t |
Tag, Stadt; Kleid (DE)[2] |
tall |
ts |
Zeit, Platz, Potsdam, Celle |
cats |
tʃ |
Matsch, Cello |
match |
v |
was, Vase[1] |
vanish |
x |
nach[3] |
Scottish loch |
z |
Sie, diese[1] (in Austrian German sparsely used) |
DE: zebra AT, CH: soup |
ʔ |
|
beamtet [bəˈʔamtət][5] |
uh-oh! |
Non-native consonants |
dʒ |
Dschungel, Pidgin[1][6] |
jungle |
ð |
Motherboard[7] |
this |
ɹ |
Spray[8] |
rice |
θ |
Thatcherismus[7] |
think |
ʒ |
Genie, Entourage[1][6] |
pleasure |
Stress |
ˈ |
Bahnhofstraße [ˈbaːnhoːfˌʃtʁaːsə] |
as in battleship |
ˌ |
|
Vowels |
DE | AT | CH |
Examples | English approximation |
Monophthongs |
a |
alles, Kalender |
father, but short |
aː |
aber, sah, Staat |
father |
ɛ |
Ende, hätte |
bet |
ɛː |
spät, wählen[9] |
RP hair |
eː |
eben, gehen, Meer |
mate |
ɪ |
ist |
sit |
iː |
liebe, Berlin, ihm |
seed |
ɔ |
kommen |
off |
oː |
oder, hohe, Boot |
story |
œ |
öffnen |
somewhat like hurt |
øː |
Österreich, Möhre, adieu |
somewhat like heard |
ʊ |
und |
push |
uː |
Hut, Kuh |
true |
ʏ |
müssen, Ypsilon |
somewhat like cute |
yː |
über, Mühe, psychisch |
somewhat like few |
Diphthongs |
aɪ |
ein, Kaiser, Haydn, Verleih, Speyer |
high |
aʊ |
auf |
vow |
ɔʏ |
Euro, Häuser |
choice |
Reduced vowels |
ɐ |
ər |
immer[4] |
DE, AT: frustration CH: Scottish letter[10] |
ə |
Name |
balance (but not sofa)[10] |
Semivowels |
ɐ̯ |
r |
Uhr[4] |
DE, AT: sofa CH: Scottish far |
i̯ |
Studie |
yard |
o̯ |
Pointe[11] |
quite |
u̯ |
Linguist, Gouache[11] |
would |
y̑ |
Etui[11] |
somewhat like evaluation |
Non-native vowels |
ãː |
Gourmand, Engagement, Restaurant, Chance[12] |
French Provence |
ɛ̃ː |
Pointe[12] |
French quinze |
ɛɪ |
Mail[13] |
face |
õː |
Garçon[12] |
French Le Monde |
ɔː |
stalken, Motherboard[14] |
American raw |
ɔʊ |
Code[13] |
American goat |
œ̃ː |
Parfum[12] |
French emprunte |
œːɐ̯ |
øːr |
surfen, Gouverneur[15] |
roughly like RP bird |
Shortened vowels |
ã |
engagieren[12] |
French chanson |
ɛ̃ |
impair[12] |
French vingt-et-un |
e |
Element[16] |
roughly like dress |
i |
Italien[16] |
seat |
o |
originell[16] |
story, but short |
õ |
foncé[12] |
French Mont Blanc |
œ̃ |
Lundist[12] |
French vingt-et-un |
ø |
Ökonom[16] |
roughly like hurt |
u |
Universität, Souvenir[16] |
truth |
y |
Psychologie[16] |
like meet, but with the lips rounded |
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