四硫化三鐵

四硫化三鐵是藍黑色（有時是粉紅色^{[來源請求]}）鐵和硫的化合物，化學式為Fe₃S₄或FeS·Fe₂S₃，與四氧化三鐵類似。自然界中存在於硫礦物膠黃鐵礦，具有順磁性。它是一種由趨磁細菌製造的生物礦。它是一種混合價態化合物，Fe²⁺與Fe³⁺的比例為1:2。

四硫化三鐵
別名	黑色硫化鐵，膠黃鐵礦
性質
化學式	FeS·Fe2S3
摩爾質量	295.805 g·mol⁻¹
外觀	藍黑色或粉紅色
密度	4.049 g/cm3
若非註明，所有數據均出自標準狀態（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

晶體結構

立方晶胞，空間群Fd3m。硫陰離子形成立方密堆積晶格，而鐵陽離子佔據四面體和八面體的頂點位置。^[1][2]

沿[110]方向上投影的四硫化三鐵晶體結構

• 
  SFe₄四面體
• 
  FeS₄四面體
• 
  FeS₆八面體

電磁性質

和與此相關的氧化物磁鐵礦（Fe₃O₄）類似，四硫化三鐵有亞鐵磁性，其中佔據八面體頂點與佔據四面體頂點位置的鐵離子自旋磁矩取向方向相反，結果產生了淨磁化強度。這兩個金屬位置有高自旋量子數。膠黃鐵礦有半金屬的電子結構。^[3][4]

參考

1. Anthony, John W.; Bideaux, Richard A.; Bladh, Kenneth W. and Nichols, Monte C. (編). Greigite. Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF). I (Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts). Chantilly, VA, US: Mineralogical Society of America. 1990 [December 5, 2011]. ISBN 0962209708. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2012-02-04）.
2. Vaughan, D. J.; Craig, J. R. 「Mineral Chemistry of Metal Sulfides" Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 1978. ISBN 0-521-21489-0.
3. Devey, Anthony; R. Grau-Crespo and N.H. de Leeuw. Electronic and magnetic structure of Fe₃S₄: GGA+U investigation. Physical Review B. 2009, 79 (19): 195126. Bibcode:2009PhRvB..79s5126D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.79.195126. 引文使用過時參數coauthors (幫助)
4. Wang, Jun; Cao, Shi-He; Wu, Wei; Zhao, Guo-Meng. The Curie temperature and magnetic exchange energy in half-metallic greigite Fe₃S₄. Physica Scripta. 2011, 83 (4): 045702. Bibcode:2011PhyS...83d5702W. doi:10.1088/0031-8949/83/04/045702.

擴展閱讀

• Mann, Stephen; Sparks, Nicholas H. C.; Frankel, Richard B.; Bazylinski, Dennis A.; Jannasch, Holger W. Biomineralization of ferrimagnetic greigite (Fe₃S₄) and iron pyrite (FeS₂) in a magnetotactic bacterium. Nature. 1990, 343 (6255): 258. Bibcode:1990Natur.343..258M. doi:10.1038/343258a0.
• Roberts, A. Magnetic properties of sedimentary greigite (Fe₃S₄). Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 1995, 134: 227. Bibcode:1995E&PSL.134..227R. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(95)00131-U.
• Heywood, B. R.; Bazylinski, D. A.; Garratt-Reed, A.; Mann, S.; Frankel, R. B. Controlled biosynthesis of greigite (Fe₃S₄) in magnetotactic bacteria. Naturwissenschaften. 1990, 77: 536. Bibcode:1990NW.....77..536H. doi:10.1007/BF01139266.
• Reynolds, R. L.; Tuttle, M. L.; Rice, C. A.; Fishman, N. S.; Karachewski, J. A.; Sherman, D. M. Magnetization and geochemistry of greigite-bearing Cretaceous strata, North Slope basin, Alaska. American Journal of Science. 1994, 294: 485. doi:10.2475/ajs.294.4.485.
• Snowball, Ian; Thompson, Roy. The occurrence of Greigite in sediments from Loch Lomond. Journal of Quaternary Science. 1988, 3: 121. Bibcode:1988JQS.....3..121S. doi:10.1002/jqs.3390030203.
• Stanjek, H.; Fassbinder, J. W. E.; Vali, H.; Wagele, H.; Graf, W. Evidence of biogenic greigite (ferrimagnetic Fe₃S₄) in soil. European Journal of Soil Science. 1994, 45: 97. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.1994.tb00490.x.
• Hoffmann, V. Greigite (Fe₃S₄): magnetic properties and first domain observations. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors. 1992, 70: 288. Bibcode:1992PEPI...70..288H. doi:10.1016/0031-9201(92)90195-2.
• Fassbinder, Jörg W. E.; Stanjek, Helge. Magnetic properties of biogenic soil greigite (Fe₃S₄). Geophysical Research Letters. 1994, 21: 2349. Bibcode:1994GeoRL..21.2349F. doi:10.1029/94GL02506.