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哈维·米尔克 Harvey Milk | |
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1978年,哈维·米尔克坐在旧金山市长乔治·莫斯科尼的办公桌旁 | |
旧金山监督委员会第5选区委员 | |
任期 1978年1月8日 (1978-01-08)—1978年11月27日 (1978-11-27) | |
前任 | 无(新设选区) |
继任 | 哈利·布里特(英语:Harry Britt) |
选区 | 旧金山监督委员会第5选区(卡斯特罗街、海特-阿什伯理(英语:Haight-Ashbury)、杜伯赛三角(英语:Duboce Triangle)、诺伊谷) |
个人资料 | |
出生 | Harvey Bernard Milk 哈维·伯纳德·米尔克 (1930-05-22)1930年5月22日 美国纽约州拿骚县伍德米尔(英语:Woodmere, New York) |
逝世 | 1978年11月27日(1978岁—11—27)(48岁) 美国加利福尼亚州旧金山 |
死因 | 枪击、暗杀(英语:Moscone–Milk assassinations) |
政党 | 民主党(1972年-1978年) |
其他政党 | 共和党(1972年之前) |
母校 | 纽约州立大学奥尔巴尼分校 |
职业 | 政治人物、商人 |
获奖 | 总统自由勋章(2009年追授) |
军事背景 | |
效忠 | 美利坚合众国 |
服役 | 美国海军 |
服役时间 | 1951年-1955年 |
军衔 | 海军中尉 |
部队 | 三趾鸥号潜艇救援舰(英语:USS Kittiwake (ASR-13)) |
哈维·伯纳德·米尔克(英语:Harvey Bernard Milk,1930年5月22日—1978年11月27日)是一位美国政治人物,是美国政坛中最早公开性取向的同性恋者之一,被视为该国LGBT权利运动的先锋人物。他在早年未公开自己的同性恋身份,甚少参与政治事务和同性恋权益议题,但在1960年代反文化运动之后决定出柜并踏入政坛。1977年,米尔克当选旧金山监督委员会委员,成为加利福尼亚州历史上第一位经民选获得公职的公开同性恋者。
Milk moved from New York City to settle in San Francisco in 1972 amid a migration of gay men to the Castro District. He took advantage of the growing political and economic power of the neighborhood to promote his interests, and three times ran unsuccessfully for political office. His theatrical campaigns earned him increasing popularity, and Milk won a seat as a city supervisor in 1977, his election made possible by, and a key component of, a shift in San Francisco politics.
Milk served almost 11 months in office and was responsible for passing a stringent gay rights ordinance for the city. On November 27, 1978, Milk and Mayor George Moscone were assassinated by Dan White, another city supervisor, who had recently resigned to pursue a private business enterprise but who had sought to get his position back after that endeavor failed.
Despite his short career in politics, Milk became an icon in San Francisco and a martyr in the gay community.[note 1] In 2002, Milk was called "the most famous and most significantly open LGBT official ever elected in the United States".[2] Anne Kronenberg, his final campaign manager, wrote of him: "What set Harvey apart from you or me was that he was a visionary. He imagined a righteous world inside his head and then he set about to create it for real, for all of us."[3] Milk was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009.