የአለም አገራት ዝርዝር

የአለም አገራት ዋናዋና ከተሞች ስም ዝርዝስ From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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የአገራት ዝርዝር

More information አጭርና ይፋዊ ስያሜዎች, የተመድ አባል? ...
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Criteria for inclusion

The dominant customary international law standard of statehood is the declarative theory of statehood that defines the state as a person of international law if it "possess[es] the following qualifications: (a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) capacity to enter into relations with the other states." Debate exists on the degree to which recognition should be included as a criterion of statehood. The declarative theory of statehood, an example of which can be found in the Montevideo Convention, argues that statehood is purely objective and recognition of a state by other states is irrelevant. On the other end of the spectrum, the constitutive theory of statehood defines a state as a person under international law only if it is recognized as sovereign by other states. For the purposes of this list, included are all states that either:

  • (a) have declared independence and are often regarded as having control over a permanently populated territory

or

  • (b) are recognized as a sovereign state by at least one other sovereign state

Note that in some cases there is a divergence of opinion over the interpretation of the first point, and whether an entity satisfies it is disputed.

On the basis of the above criteria, this list includes the following 207 entities:[63][Note 1]

  • 203 states recognized by at least one UN member state
  • Two states that control a permanently populated territory and are recognized only by non-UN member states: Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, Transnistria
  • Two states that control a permanently populated territory and are not recognized by any other state: Azawad, Somaliland
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ነጥቦች

  1. [1]
    በዚሁ ዓምድ ውስጥ በአንድ አገር መላው ግዛት ላይ ያለው ክርክር ሲኖር ብቻ ያመልክታል። በአገሩ ከፊል ላይ የሥልጣን ክርክር ሲኖር «ተጨማሪ መረጃ» በሚል ዓምድ ይገኛል።
  2. [2]
    የአውሮፓ ሕብረት 27 አባላት ሉአላዊነታቸውን በከፊል (በሕግ አማካሪ፣ አስፈጻሚና ችሎታዊ ሥልጣናት ረገድ) ለሕብረቱ አዛውረዋል። [7]
  3. [3]
    ተጨማሪ መረጃ፦
    • የአገሩ ሉአላዊነት በሙሉ ካልተቀበለ በስንት አገሮች እንደ ተቀበለ፣
    • የአውሮፓ ሕብረት አባል ከሆነ፣[ነጥብ 2]
    • any overseas dependencies, if applicable, which are generally not part of the territory of the sovereign state,
    • ፌዴራሲዮን (ፌዴራላዊ ሕብረት መንግሥት) ከሆነ፣
    • በአገሩ ግዛት ውስጥ የራስ ገዥ ክልሎች ካሉ፣
    • አንድ ሰው የብዙ አገሮች ርዕሰ መንግሥት የሚሆንበት ሁኔታ ካለ፣
    • any major territorial disputes,
    • በአንድ አገር ቢያንስ የተቀበለ የስደት መንግሥት ካለ።
  4. [4]
    የኮመንዌልዝ ግዛቶች የአገራት ኮመንዌልዝ አባላት ናቸው። ግዛቶቹ ነጻነት ያላቸውና ራሳቸውን የቻሉ ሲሆኑ የሁላቸው መንግሥት መሪ በይፋ ዳግማዊት ንግሥት እልሳቤጥ ናቸው።
  5. [5]
    ስለ ራስ-ገዥ ክልሎች በተጨማሪ ለመረዳት የራስ-ገዥ ክልሎች ዝርዝር በየአገሩ ይዩ።
  6. [6]
    በአርጀንቲና ሕገ መንግሥት መሠረት (አንቀጽ 35) የሚከተሉት ስያሜዎች በይፋ ይቀበላሉ፦ «አርጀንቲን ሬፐብሊክ»፣ «አርጀንቲን ሕብረት» ወይም «የሪዮ ዴ ላ ፕላታ ተባባሪ ክፍላገራት»፤ ከዚህ በላይ በሕግጋት ውስጥ «አርጀንቲን ብሔር» እንዲባል ተመሠረተ።
  7. [7]
    The continent of Antarctica, including its outlying islands south of 60°S, are held in abeyance under the terms of the Antarctic Treaty System. Under this treaty, territorial claims in this region are neither recognised nor disputed. Claimant countries are Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom, with all those save Argentina and Chile mutually recognising each others claims.
  8. [8]
    ስያሜው እስከ 1967 ዓ.ም. ድረስ በይፋ ዳሆሜ ተባለ።
  9. [9]
    ስለ ቦስኒያና ሄርጸጎቪና አከፋፈል ለመረዳት፣ የደይተን ስምምነት እና አጠቃላይ መዋቅር ስምምነት ለሰላም በቦስኒያና ሄርጸጎቪና Archived ጁን 4, 2015 at the Wayback Machine (14 ዲሴምበር 1995 እ.ኤ.አ.) ጽሑፍ ይዩ።. Office of the High Representative. (እንግሊዝኛ)
  10. [10]
    የስፕራትሊ ደሴቶች ግዛት በቻይና ሕዝባዊ ሪፐብሊክ፣ የቻይና ሪፐብሊክ፣ ቬትናም፣ በከፊሉም በብሩነይ፣ ማሌዢያ፣ እና ፊሊፒንስ የተከረከረ ነው። ከብሩነይ በስተቀር፣ እያንዳንዱ የዴሴቶቹን ከፊል ይዟል።
  11. [11]
    ወይም ቡርኪና፣ ቀድሞ እስከ 1976 ዓ.ም. ድረስ ስሙ በይፋ «ላይኛ ቮልታ» ነበረ።
  12. [12]
    በ1981 ዓ.ም. በርማ ስሙን በይፋ ወደ «ምያንማር» ቀየረ። በ2003 ዓ.ም.፣ ከ«የምያንማር ኅብረት» ወደ «የምያንማር ኅብረት ሪፐብሊክ» ተቀየረ።
  13. [13]
    አሁን የአገሩ ሕጋዊ ስም «ካናዳ» ብቻ ነው፤ «የካናዳ ግዛት» አሁን አይጠቀምም።
  14. [14]
    የቻይና ሕዝባዊ ሪፐብሊክ በተለመደ «ቻይና» ሲባል የቻይና ሪፐብሊክ በተለመደ «ታይዋን» ይባላል። አንዳንዴ የቻይና ሪፐብሊክ ደግሞ «ቻይናዊ ታይፔ» ተብሎ በይፋ ይታወቃል።
  15. [15]
    In 1949, the Republic of China government led by the Kuomintang (KMT) lost the Chinese Civil War to the Communist Party of China (CPC) and set up a provisional capital in Taipei. The CPC established the PRC. As such, the political status of the ROC and the legal status of Taiwan (alongside the territories currently under ROC jurisdiction) are in dispute. In 1971, the United Nations gave the China seat to the PRC and the ROC withdrew from the UN. Most states recognise the PRC to be the sole legitimate representative of all China, and the UN classifies Taiwan as "Taiwan, Province of China". The ROC has de facto relations with most sovereign states. A significant political movement within Taiwan advocates Taiwan independence.
  16. [16]
    ቬትናምና የቻይና ሪፐብሊክ ደግሞ በፓራሴል ደሴቶች ላይ ይግባኝ ባዮች ናቸው።
  17. [17]
    Sovereignty over Kashmir is disputed between India and Pakistan; smaller parts are disputed by the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China. Kashmir is divided between India, Pakistan and the PRC. See the List of territorial disputes.
  18. [18]
    ደግሞ ከቻይና ሕዝባዊ ሪፐብሊክ ጋራ ዲፕሎማቲካዊ ግንኙነት የተመሠረተባቸው ወቅቶች ዝርዝር እና የቻይና ሕዝባዊ ሪፐብሊክ ውጭ አገር ግንኙነት።
  19. [19]
    ስለ ፌዴራላዊ መንግሥታት ለመረዳት፣ ፌዴራሲዮን ይዩ።
  20. [20]
    ደግሞ ኮንጎ-ኪንሻሳ ይባላል። ከ1963 እስከ 1989 ዓ.ም. ድረስ፣ ስሙ በይፋ ዛዪር ነበረ።
  21. [21]
    A simpler official short-form name has been encouraged by the Czech government: the English variant Czechia remains uncommon, but variants in Czech (Česko) and some other languages are more popular. See Name of the Czech Republic
  22. [22]
    The government of East Timor uses "Timor-Leste" as the English translation.
  23. [23]
    Åland was demilitarised by the Treaty of Paris in 1856, which was later affirmed by the League of Nations in 1921, and in a somewhat different context reaffirmed in the treaty on Finland's admission to the European Union in 1995.
  24. [24]
    The Irish state is often referred to as the Republic of Ireland (its official description but not its name). Sometimes this is done to distinguish the state from the island of Ireland as a whole. However, sometimes it is done for political reasons and is contentious.
  25. [25]
    Both North Korea and South Korea claim to be the sole legitimate government of Korea. See also Foreign relations of North Korea and Foreign relations of South Korea.
  1. [1]
    The non-state sovereign entity Order of Malta is not included. It claims neither statehood nor any territory. Entities considered to be micronations are not included. It is often up to debate whether a micronation truly controls its claimed territory. Also omitted from this list are all uncontacted peoples, either who live in societies that cannot be defined as states or whose statuses as such are not definitively known.
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References

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