2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase
Class of enzymes / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase also known as DECR1 is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the DECR1 gene which resides on chromosome 8. This enzyme catalyzes the following reactions[1][2][3]
2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial | |||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||
Symbol | DECR1 | ||||||
Alt. symbols | DECR | ||||||
NCBI gene | 1666 | ||||||
HGNC | 2753 | ||||||
OMIM | 222745 | ||||||
PDB | 1w6u | ||||||
RefSeq | NM_001359 | ||||||
UniProt | Q16698 | ||||||
Other data | |||||||
EC number | 1.3.1.34 | ||||||
Locus | Chr. 8 q21.3 | ||||||
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DECR1 participates in the beta oxidation and metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty enoyl-CoA esters. Specifically, it catalyzes the reduction of 2,4 dienoyl-CoA thioesters of varying length by NADPH cofactor to 3-trans-enoyl-CoA of equivalent length. Unlike the breakdown of saturated fat, cis and trans polyunsaturated fatty acid degradation requires three additional enzymes to generate a product compatible with the standard beta oxidation pathway. DECR is the second such enzyme (the others being enoyl CoA isomerase and dienoyl CoA isomerase) and is the rate limiting step in this auxiliary flow. DECR is capable of reducing both 2-trans,4-cis-dienoyl-CoA and 2-trans,4-trans-dienoyl-CoA thioesters[4] with equal efficiency.[5] This is unusual, since most enzymes are highly stereoselective or stereospecific.[6] There is no clear explanation for DECR's of lack of stereospecificity.[5]