Acetyltransferase
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Acetyltransferase (or transacetylase) is a type of transferase enzyme that transfers an acetyl group, through a process called acetylation. Acetylation serves as a modification that can profoundly transform the functionality of a protein by modifying various properties like hydrophobicity, solubility, and surface attributes.[1] These alterations have the potential to influence the protein's conformation and its interactions with substrates, cofactors, and other macromolecules.[1] The image to the right shows the basic structure of an acetyl group, where R is a variable indicates the remainder of the molecule to which the acetyl group is attached.
Acetyltransferases | Substrate | Gene | Chromosome Location | Gene Group | Abbreviation |
Histone Acetyltransferase | Lysine residues on histones[1] | HAT1[2] | 2q31.1[2] | Lysine acetyltransferases[2] | HAT |
Choline Acetyltransferase | Choline[3] | CHAT[4] | 10q11.23[4] | NA | ChAT[3] |
Serotonin N-Acetyltransferase | Serotonin | AANAT[5] | 17q25.1[5] | GCN5 Related N-Acetyltransferases[5] | AANAT[5] |
NatA Acetyltransferase | N-terminus of various proteins as they emerge from the ribosome | NAA15[6] | 4q31.1[6] | Armadillo like helical domain containing
N-alpha-acetyltransferase subunits[6] |
NatA[6] |
NatB Acetyltransferase | Peptides starting with Met-Asp/Glu/Asn/Gln[7] | NAA25[8] | 12q24.13[8] | N-alpha-acetyltransferase subunits
MicroRNA protein coding host genes[8] |
NatB[8] |