Ali bin Hussein, King of Hejaz
1924–1925 King of Hejaz and Grand Sharif of Mecca From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1924–1925 King of Hejaz and Grand Sharif of Mecca From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ali bin Hussein bin Ali al-Hashimi GBE (Arabic: علي بن الحسين بن علي الهاشمي, romanized: ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī al-Hāshimī; 1879 – 13 February 1935), was King of Hejaz and Grand Sharif of Mecca from October 1924 until he was deposed by Ibn Saud in December 1925. He was the eldest son of King Hussein bin Ali and a scion of the Hashemite family. With the passing of the kingship from his father he also became the heir to the title of caliph, but he did not adopt the office and the style of caliph.
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| Ali bin Hussein علي بن الحسين بن علي الهاشمي | |
|---|---|
| Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques | |
Photograph by Zoltan Kluger, 1933 | |
| King of Hejaz Sharif of Mecca | |
| Reign | 3 October 1924 – 19 December 1925 |
| Predecessor | Hussein bin Ali |
| Successor | Ibn Saud (as King of Hejaz) Sharifate abolished |
| Born | 1879 Mecca, Hejaz, Ottoman Empire |
| Died | 13 February 1935 (aged 55–56) Baghdad, Kingdom of Iraq |
| Burial | Royal Mausoleum, Adhamiyah |
| Spouse | Nafissa Khanum |
| Issue | |
| House | Hashemite |
| Father | Hussein bin Ali |
| Mother | Abdiya bin Abdullah |
| Religion | Sunni Islam[1] |
The eldest son of Hussein, Ali bin Hussein was born in Mecca and was educated at Ghalata Serai College (Galatasaray High School) in Istanbul. His father was appointed Grand Sharif of Mecca by the Ottoman Empire in 1908. However, his relationship with the Young Turks in control of the Empire increasingly became strained, and, in 1916, he became one of the leaders of the Arab Revolt against Turkish rule. Following the Revolt's success, Hussein made himself the first King of Hejaz with British support. While Hussein's sons Abdullah and Faisal were made kings of Jordan and Iraq, respectively, Ali remained the heir to his father's lands in Arabia.
King Hussein soon found himself embroiled in fighting with the House of Saud, based in Riyadh. Following military defeats by Abdulaziz ibn Saud, King Hussein abdicated all of his secular titles to Ali on 3 October 1924. (Hussein had previously awarded himself the religious title of Caliph in March of that year.)
In December of the following year, Saudi forces finally overran the Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz, which they eventually incorporated into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Ali and his family fled to Iraq.
![Thumb](#/media/File:EXILED_KING_ALI_OF_HEJAZ_WITH_THE_EDITOR_OF_THE_JAFFA_ARAB_DAILY_"PALESTINE"_ABOARD_A_SHIP_AT_THE_JAFFA_PORT._עלי_מלך_חג'אז_בצילום_משותף_עם_עורך_העיתוD813-101.jpg)
Ali bin Hussein died in Baghdad in the Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq in 1935. He had four daughters and one son, 'Abd al-Ilah, who went on to become the regent of the Kingdom of Iraq during the minority of King Faisal II.
In 1906 Ali married Nafissa Khanum, daughter of Emir Abdullah bin Muhammad Pasha, Grand Sharif and Emir of Mecca at Yeniköy, Bosphorus.[citation needed] They had one son and four daughters:
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