Apple M1

Series of systems-on-a-chip designed by Apple Inc. / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Apple M1 is a series of ARM-based systems-on-a-chip (SoCs) designed by Apple Inc. as a central processing unit (CPU) and graphics processing unit (GPU) for its Mac desktops and notebooks, and the iPad Pro and iPad Air tablets.[7] The M1 chip initiated Apple's third change to the instruction set architecture used by Macintosh computers, switching from Intel to Apple silicon 14 years after they were switched from PowerPC to Intel, and 26 years after the transition from the original Motorola 68000 series to PowerPC. At the time of introduction in 2020, Apple said that the M1 had the world's fastest CPU core "in low power silicon" and the world's best CPU performance per watt.[7][8] Its successor, Apple M2, was announced on June 6, 2022 at WWDC.

Quick facts: General information, Launched, Designed by, C...
Apple M1
Mac_Mini_M1_chip.jpg
Image of an M1 processor inside the 2020 Mac Mini
General information
LaunchedM1: November 10, 2020[1]
M1 Pro and Max: October 18, 2021
M1 Ultra: March 8, 2022
Designed byApple Inc.
Common manufacturer(s)
Product codeM1: APL1102[2]
M1 Pro: APL1103
M1 Max: APL1105[3][verification needed]
M1 Ultra: APL1W06[4]
Performance
Max. CPU clock rate3.2 GHz[1]
Cache
L1 cache192+128 KB per core (performance cores)
128+64 KB per core (efficient cores)
L2 cachePerformance Cores
M1: 12 MB
M1 Pro and M1 Max: 24 MB
M1 Ultra: 48 MB

Efficiency Cores
M1, M1 Pro, M1 Max: 4 MB
M1 Ultra: 8 MB
Last level cacheM1: 8 MB
M1 Pro: 24 MB
M1 Max: 48 MB
M1 Ultra: 96 MB
Architecture and classification
ApplicationM1: Desktop (Mac Mini, iMac), notebook (MacBook family), tablet (iPad Pro and iPad Air)

M1 Pro: Notebook (MacBook Pro)

M1 Max: Notebook (MacBook Pro), desktop (Mac Studio)

M1 Ultra: Desktop (Mac Studio)
Technology node5 nm
Microarchitecture"Firestorm" and "Icestorm"[1]
Instruction setARMv8.5-A[5]
Physical specifications
Transistors
  • M1: 16 billion
    M1 Pro: 33.7 billion
    M1 Max: 57 billion[6]
    M1 Ultra: 114 billion
Cores
  • M1: 8 (4× high-performance + 4× high-efficiency)
    M1 Pro: 8 or 10 (6× or 8× high-performance + 2× high-efficiency)
    M1 Max: 10 (8× high-performance + 2× high-efficiency)
    M1 Ultra: 20 (16× high-performance + 4× high-efficiency)
GPU(s)Apple-designed integrated graphics

M1: 7- or 8-core GPU
M1 Pro: 14- or 16-core GPU
M1 Max: 24- or 32-core GPU

M1 Ultra: 48- or 64-core GPU
Products, models, variants
Variant(s)
History
Predecessor(s)Intel Core and Apple T2 chip (Mac)
Apple A12X (Apple A12Z, iPad Pro)
Apple A14 (iPad Air)
Successor(s)Apple M2
Close

The original M1 chip was introduced in November 2020, and was followed by the professional-focused M1 Pro and M1 Max chips in October 2021. The M1 Max is a higher-powered version of the M1 Pro, with more GPU cores and memory bandwidth and a larger die size. Apple introduced the M1 Ultra in 2022, combining two M1 Max chips in one package. These chips differ largely in size and the number of functional units: for example, while the original M1 has about 16 billion transistors, the M1 Ultra has 114 billion.

Apple's macOS and iPadOS operating systems both run on the M1. Initial support for the M1 SoC in the Linux kernel was released in version 5.13 on June 27, 2021.[9] The initial versions of the M1 chips contain an architectural defect that permits sandboxed applications to exchange data, violating the security model, an issue that has been described as "mostly harmless".[10]