Applied behavior analysis
The application of respondent and operant conditioning to analyze and change behavior / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Applied behavior analysis (ABA), also called behavioral engineering,[1][2] is a psychological intervention that applies approaches based upon the principles of respondent and operant conditioning to change behavior of social significance.[3][4] It is the applied form of behavior analysis; the other two forms are radical behaviorism (or the philosophy of the science) and the experimental analysis of behavior (or basic experimental research).[3]
The name applied behavior analysis has replaced behavior modification because the latter approach suggested attempting to change behavior without clarifying the relevant behavior-environment interactions. In contrast, ABA changes behavior by first assessing the functional relationship between a targeted behavior and the environment.[5][6][7] Further, the approach often seeks to develop socially acceptable alternatives for aberrant behaviors.[7]
Although service delivery providers overwhelmingly practice structured and naturalistic early behavioral interventions for individuals with autism,[8] ABA has also been utilized in a range of other areas.[9][10][11][12]
ABA is considered controversial within the autism rights movement due to a perception that it emphasizes normalization instead of acceptance, and a history of, in some forms of ABA and its predecessors, the use of aversives, such as electric shocks.[13][14][15]