Battle of Rivers' Bridge

The Battle of Rivers' Bridge (also known as the Action at Rivers' Bridge) took place during the American Civil War on February 3, 1865.

Battle of Rivers' Bridge Action at Rivers' Bridge
Part of the Campaign of the Carolinas
Charge of Weaver's Brigade Across the Salkehatchie
Date February 3, 1865 (1865-02-03) Location Bamberg County, South Carolina 33°3′10″N 81°5′59″W Result Union victory
Belligerents
United States (Union)	Confederate States
Commanders and leaders
Francis Preston Blair, Jr. John A. Logan	Lafayette McLaws
Units involved
XVII Corps XV Corps	Department of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida
Strength
5,000	1,200
Casualties and losses
124 (18 killed, 106 wounded)[1]	97 (8 killed, 44 wounded, 45 captured/missing)[1]

Order of battle

Confederate

Commander: Major General Lafayette McLaws

• Harrison's Brigade: Colonel George Harrison, Jr.
  • 1st Georgia Regulars, Colonel Richard Wayne
  • 5th Georgia Infantry, Colonel Charles Daniel
  • 5th Georgia Reserves, Major Charles McGregor
  • 32nd Georgia Infantry, Lieutenant Colonel E. H. Bacon, Jr.
  • 47th Georgia Infantry
• Kirkland's Brigade: Brigadier General William Whedbee Kirkland
  • 17th North Carolina Infantry, Captain Stuart L. Johnston
  • 42nd North Carolina Infantry, Colonel John E. Brown
  • 50th North Carolina Infantry, Colonel George Wortham
  • 66th North Carolina/10th North Carolina Battalion, Colonel John H. Nethercutt
• Logan's Brigade: Brigadier General Thomas M. Logan
  • 1st South Carolina Cavalry: Lieutenant James A. Ratchford
  • 2nd South Carolina Cavalry
  • 3rd South Carolina Cavalry: Colonel Charles J. Colcock
  • Earle's (South Carolina) Battery: Captain William Earle
• 3rd Arkansas Cavalry: Major William Blackwell

Union

• XVII Corps: Major General Francis Preston Blair, Jr.
• 1st Division: Major General Joseph A. Mower
  • 1st Brigade: Brigadier General John W. Fuller
    • 64th Illinois Infantry
    • 18th Missouri Infantry
    • 27th Ohio Infantry
    • 39th Ohio Infantry
  • 2nd Brigade: Brigadier General John W. Sprague
    • 35th New Jersey Infantry
    • 43rd Ohio Infantry
    • 63rd Ohio Infantry
    • 25th Wisconsin Infantry
  • 3rd Brigade: Colonel Charles H. DeGroat
    • 10th Illinois Infantry
    • 25th Indiana Infantry
    • 32nd Wisconsin Infantry
• 4th Division: Brevet Major General Giles Alexander Smith
  • 1st Brigade: Brigadier General Benjamin F. Potts
    • 14/15th Illinois Infantry
    • 53rd Illinois Infantry
    • 23rd Indiana Infantry
    • 53rd Indiana Infantry
    • 32nd Ohio Infantry

Work in progress

Engagement

Map of Rivers' Bridge Battlefield core and study areas by the American Battlefield Protection Program.

While Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman's Union armies marched north across South Carolina, about 1,200 Confederates under Maj. Gen. Lafayette McLaws were posted at the crossing on the Salkehatchie River. Union soldiers began to build bridges to bypass McLaws on February 2. The next day two brigades under Maj. Gen. Francis P. Blair waded through the swamp and flanked the Confederates. McLaws withdrew toward Branchville after stalling Sherman's advance for only one day and Sherman's forces continued moving north towards the state capital Columbia.

Mass grave

In 1876 men from nearby communities reburied the Confederate dead from Rivers Bridge in a mass grave about a mile from the battlefield and began a tradition of annually commemorating the battle. The Rivers Bridge Memorial Association eventually obtained the battlefield and in 1945 turned the site over to South Carolina for a state park.^[2] The site is commemorated by the Rivers Bridge State Historic Site.^[3]

Battlefield condition

Earthworks used by the Confederate defenders are preserved at the historic site. A portion of the bluff overlooking the river (upon which several Confederate earthworks were located) was significantly altered by the operations of a logging railroad that paralleled the Salkehatchie River during the late 19th century.^[4]

Notes

1. The Battle of Rivers Bridge-Reading 2
2. Bell, Daniel. "Rivers Bridge, Battle of". South Carolina Encyclopedia. University of South Carolina, Institute for Southern Studies. Retrieved 3 February 2017.
3. "Rivers Bridge State Historic Site". South Carolina Department of Parks, Recreation & Tourism. Retrieved September 10, 2011.
4. "Rivers' Bridge Battlefield Profile" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 3 February 2017.

References

• National Park Service battle description
• The Battle for the Salkehatchie
• These Honored Dead: The Battle of Rivers Bridge and Civil War Combat Casualties, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
• CWSAC Report Update