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Beijing
Capital city of China / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Beijing (/beɪˈdʒɪŋ/ bay-JING;[5][6] Chinese: 北京; pinyin: Běijīng; Mandarin pronunciation: [pèɪ.tɕíŋ] ⓘ), alternatively romanized as Peking[7] (/piːˈkɪŋ/ pee-KING),[8] is the capital of the People's Republic of China. With over 21 million residents, Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city as well as China's second largest city after Shanghai.[9] It is located in Northern China, and is governed as a municipality under the direty and one of the world's leading centres for culture, diplomacy, politics, finance, business and economics, education, research, language, tourism, media, sport, science and technology and transportation. As a megacity, Beijing is the second largest Chinese city by urban population after Shanghai.[10] It is home to the headquarters of most of China's largest state-owned companies and houses the largest number of Fortune Global 500 companies in the world, as well as the world's four biggest financial institutions by total assets.[11] It is also a major hub for the national highway, expressway, railway, and high-speed rail networks. The Beijing Capital International Airport has been the second busiest in the world by passenger traffic (Asia's busiest) since 2010,[12] and, as of 2016[update], the city's subway network is the busiest and longest in the world. The Beijing Daxing International Airport, a second international airport in Beijing, is the largest single-structure airport terminal in the world.[13][14]
Beijing
北京 Peking | |
|---|---|
| Municipality of Beijing | |
 | |
.svg) Location of Beijing Municipality within China | |
| Coordinates (Tian'anmen Square national flag): 39°54′24″N 116°23′51″E | |
| Country | China |
| Established | 1045 BC |
| Founded by | Zhou dynasty (Western Zhou) |
| Municipal seat | Tongzhou District |
| Divisions - County-level - Township- level | 16 districts 343 towns and subdistricts |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Body | Beijing Municipal People's Congress |
| • CCP Secretary | Yin Li |
| • Congress Chairman | Li Xiuling |
| • Mayor | Yin Yong |
| • CPPCC Chairman | Wei Xiaodong |
| • National People's Congress Representation | 53 deputies |
| Area | |
| • Municipality | 16,410.5 km2 (6,336.1 sq mi) |
| • Land | 16,410.5 km2 (6,336.1 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 16,410.5 km2 (6,336.1 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 12,796.5 km2 (4,940.8 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 43.5 m (142.7 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 2,303 m (7,556 ft) |
| Population (2020 census)[2] | |
| • Municipality | 21,893,095 |
| • Density | 1,300/km2 (3,500/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 21,893,095 |
| • Urban density | 1,300/km2 (3,500/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 22,366,547 |
| • Metro density | 1,700/km2 (4,500/sq mi) |
| • Ranks in China | Population: 27th; Density: 4th |
| Major ethnic groups | |
| • Han | 95% |
| • Manchu | 2% |
| • Hui | 2% |
| • Mongol | 0.3% |
| • Other | 0.7% |
| Time zone | UTC+08:00 (CST) |
| Postal codes | 100000–102629 |
| Area code | 10 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-BJ |
| GDP[3] | 2022 |
| – Total | ¥4.161 trillion (13th) $618.648 billion (nominal) $1.016 trillion (PPP) |
| – Per capita | ¥190,059 (2nd) $28,258 (nominal) $46,401 (PPP) |
| – Growth |  0.7% |
| License plate prefixes | 京A, C, E, F, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, Y 京B (taxis) 京G (outside urban area) 京O, D (police and authorities) |
| Abbreviation |
|
| HDI (2021) | 0.907[4] (1st) – very high |
| Website | www English version |
| Symbols | |
| Flower | China rose (Rosa chinensis) Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) |
| Tree | Chinese arborvitae (Platycladus orientalis) Pagoda tree (Styphnolobium japonicum) |
| Beijing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 "Beijing" in regular Chinese characters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 北京 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hanyu Pinyin | Běijīng | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal | Peking[note 1] Peiping (1368–1403; 1928–1937; 1945–1949) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | "Northern Capital" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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