Comparison of open-source programming language licensing
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This is a comparison of open-source programming language licensing and related legal issues, covering all language implementations. Open-source programming languages are those that are released under open-source licenses.
| Title | Language | Implementation license | Additional information |
|---|---|---|---|
| GNAT | Ada | GPLv3 | FSF GNAT is GPLv3 with runtime exception, other versions have a GPL runtime. |
| ALGOL 68G | ALGOL 68 | GPL | |
| ELLA ALGOL 68 | ALGOL 68 | Public domain or Crown copyright | |
| BWK awk | AWK | Custom | |
| gawk | AWK | GPLv3 | |
| mawk | AWK | GPLv2 | |
| GCC | C, C++, Objective-C, ASM, Go | GPL | |
| Clang, LLVM | C, C++, Objective-C | NCSA | |
| OpenCOBOL | COBOL | GPL | |
| Mono | C#, Visual Basic .NET | GPLv2, MIT (X11), LGPLv2 | |
| ISE Eiffel | Eiffel | GPL, EFL | For GPL projects (there is a commercial license to use for non GPL projects) |
| Gobo Eiffel | Eiffel | MIT | |
| Erlang | Erlang | Erlang, Apache 2.0 | |
| Gforth | Forth | GPLv3 | |
| Open Firmware | Forth | BSD | |
| Pforth | Forth | Public domain | |
| FreeBASIC | BASIC | GPL | Inspired by and compatible with QBasic. |
| Gambas | BASIC | GPL | Partially compatible with Visual Basic code. |
| Harbour | Harbour | GPL | |
| Helium | Haskell | GPL | |
| Icon | Icon | Public domain | |
| IcedTea | Java | GPL | |
| WebKit JavaScriptCore | JavaScript | LGPL v2.1 | |
| SpiderMonkey | JavaScript | MPL | |
| V8 | JavaScript | BSD | |
| Julia | Julia | MIT, GPL and BSD | A few (optional) GPL math libraries make the full environment GPL as a whole. |
| Emacs Lisp | Lisp | GPLv3 | |
| EGL | EGL | EPL | |
| Lua | Lua | MIT | |
| Logtalk | Logtalk | Apache 2.0 | linking exception |
| Free Pascal | Pascal, Object Pascal | GPL, LGPL | GPL applies to the compiler, while LGPL with static linking exception applies to the runtime libraries |
| Perl | Perl | Artistic or GPL | |
| PHP | PHP | PHP (BSD-style) | |
| Pike | Pike | GPL, LGPL, MPL 1.1 | |
| Free Poplog | POP-11, Common Lisp, Prolog, Standard ML | Custom, based on MIT/XFree86 | |
| GNU Prolog | Prolog | GPLv2 | |
| SWI-Prolog | Prolog | LGPL | |
| Ciao | Prolog | GPL, LGPL | |
| Opa | Opa | Affero GPL | |
| Python | Python | PSF (GPL compatible) | With Run-Time Exception (no Copyleft) |
| Jython | Python | PSF (GPL compatible) | With Run-Time Exception (no Copyleft) |
| IronPython | Python | Ms-PL | |
| PyPy | Python | MIT | |
| Regina | REXX | LGPL | |
| Ruby MRI | Ruby | Ruby or GPL | Reference implementation through v1.8 |
| YARV | Ruby | Ruby or BSD | Reference implementation for v1.9; GPL for v1.9.1–1.9.2; BSDL for 1.9.3+ |
| JRuby | Ruby | CPL, GPL, LGPL | |
| IronRuby | Ruby | Ms-PL | |
| Rubinius | Ruby | BSD | |
| XRuby | Ruby | GPL v2 | |
| Bigloo | Scheme | GPL, LGPL | |
| Chicken | Scheme | BSD | |
| Gambit | Scheme | LGPL, Apache | |
| Guile | Scheme | LGPL | |
| JScheme | Scheme | zlib | |
| BiwaScheme | Scheme | MIT | |
| Kawa | Scheme | MIT | |
| Racket | Scheme | LGPL | |
| STklos | Scheme | GPL | |
| Scsh | Scheme | BSD | |
| GNU Smalltalk | Smalltalk | GPL v2 | |
| Pharo | Smalltalk | MIT | |
| Squeak | Smalltalk | Apple Public Source, Apache (OLTPC) | |
| CSNOBOL4 | SNOBOL4 | Custom | |
| Tcl/Tk | Tcl/Tk | Tcl/Tk (BSD-style) | |
| MINT | TRAC | GPL | |
| ash | Unix Shell | BSD | |
| bash | Unix Shell | GPLv3 | |
| ksh93 | Unix Shell | CPL | |
| Zig | Zig | MIT | |
| Clojure | Clojure | EPL | |
| ClojureCLR | Clojure | EPL | |
| Clojure-Py | Clojure | EPL | |
| ClojureScript | Clojure | EPL | |
| Scala | Scala | BSD | |
| F# | F# | MIT | |
| TypeScript | TypeScript | Apache | |
| Go | Go | BSD-style | |
| Rust | Rust | MIT | |
| Vala | Vala | LGPL | |
| Dart | Dart | BSD | |
| Multics PL/I | PL/I | MIT | |
| R | R | GPL | |
| Swift | Swift | Apache | |
| .NET Core | C#, Visual Basic .NET, F# | MIT | |
| Nim | Nim | MIT | |
| Crystal | Crystal | Apache |
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