Ecuadorian–Peruvian War

The Ecuadorian–Peruvian War, known locally as the War of '41 (Spanish: Guerra del 41), was a South American border war fought between 5–31 July 1941. It was the first of three military conflicts between Ecuador and Peru during the 20th century.

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Ecuadorian–Peruvian War
Part of the Ecuadorian–Peruvian Conflicts
Collage of the Peruvian-Ecuadorian War
Date 5 July 1941 – 31 July 1941 (combat) (3 weeks and 5 days) Location Ecuadorian provinces of El Oro, Loja, Santiago Zamora [es] and Napo Pastaza [es] Result Peruvian victory Rio de Janeiro Protocol
Belligerents
Peru	Ecuador
Commanders and leaders
Manuel Prado Eloy G. Ureta Marciano Munoz Ramirez[1][2]	Carlos Alberto Arroyo Luis Rodríguez
Strength
5 July 1941: 9,000+ 11 tanks 24 guns (from the Agrupamiento del Norte)	In Amazonia: 5,300 8 guns In Quito: 12,000
Casualties and losses
110 killed 200 wounded[3]	1,000 killed[3]
At the beginning of offensive, numbers have been estimated between 15,200 and 30,000.

During the war, Peru occupied the western Ecuadorian province of El Oro and parts of the Andean province of Loja. Although the war took place during World War II, it is unrelated to that conflict, as neither country was supported by either the Allies or the Axis.

A ceasefire agreement between the two countries came into effect on 31 July 1941. Both countries signed the Rio Protocol on 29 January 1942, and Peruvian forces subsequently withdrew. The enmity over the territorial dispute continued after 1942 and concluded following the Cenepa War of 1995 and the signing of the Brasilia Presidential Act agreement in October 1998.[4]