Consonants |
IPA | Examples | English approximation |
AL |
E | M |
b |
b |
bota, vida / bida |
best |
ɸ |
ː |
abdicar |
Japanese Fumiko (AL), best (M) |
β |
β |
β |
la vida / la bida, cabra |
between baby and bevy |
ɸː |
las vidas / las bidas |
between baby and bevy (AL, M), Japanese Fumiko (E) |
d |
de, onda |
date |
ð |
ð |
ð |
sedo, padre |
other |
θː |
desde |
other (AL, M), thing (E) |
f |
ɸ |
f |
fueu |
face (AL, M), Japanese Fumiko (E) |
h |
fierro / hierro / fiêrro |
face (AL, M), hope (E) |
nafta |
ʁ[1] |
ɡ |
ɡ |
gata, anguila |
got |
χ |
ŋ |
digno, acné |
Scottish loch (AL), sing (E), got (M) |
ʁ |
ɣ |
ɣ |
agora, águila |
between ago and ahold |
xː |
(d)esgracia / desgraça |
between ago and ahold (AL, M), Scottish loch (E) |
ʝ |
h |
ʎ |
muyer / mujer / mulhier |
beyond (AL), hope (E), million (M) |
ʝ |
j |
oye / oyi |
beyond |
ɟʝ |
dʒ |
ʒ |
cónyuxe / cónyuji / cónjuge |
endure (AL), injure, Polish dźwięk (E), genre, Polish źrebię (M) |
k |
cun, que, cual / qual |
scan |
l |
l |
l |
salir |
lip |
ɾ |
alto |
lip (AL, M), US ladder (E) |
|
l̩ |
l[2] |
bottle |
ʎ |
llingua / lhéngua |
million |
m |
mes, amar |
mother |
n |
naide, sana |
need |
ŋ |
|
pinga, en, álbum / álbun[3] |
sing |
ɲ |
añus / anhos |
canyon |
p |
pero |
spouse |
r |
r |
r |
rato, carro |
rolled r |
ɾ |
ɾ |
mar |
US atom (AL, M), rolled r (E) |
ɾ |
trato, caro |
US atom |
s |
s |
s̺ |
sol, pasu / passo |
between sip and ship (retracted), Polish szyć[4][5] |
h |
estar / estal / star |
between sip and ship (retracted), Polish szyć (AL, M),[4][5] hope (E) |
ð |
z̺ |
casa / cada |
between sip and ship (retracted), Polish szyć (AL),[4][5] other (M), between zone and genre (retracted), Polish żyć (E)[4][5] |
z |
ɦ |
esmeráu / smerado |
between zone and genre (retracted), Polish żyć (AL, M),[4][5] hope (E) |
t |
tolos, ocho / oito |
stand |
tʃ |
chano, ocho / oito |
catch, Polish ćma |
v |
ɦ |
v |
afgano |
of (AL, M), hope (E) |
θ |
ː |
d |
admira, ritmo |
thing (AL), date (M) |
θ |
s̻ |
cielos |
thing (AL, E), sip, Polish syty (M) |
h |
paz / paç |
thing (AL), hope (E), sip, Polish syty (M) |
ð |
z̻ |
decir / idel / dezir |
thing (AL), other (E), zone, Polish zamek (M) |
ð |
ɦ |
paz / paç de la tierra |
smooth (AL), hope (E), zone, Polish zamek (M) |
ʃ |
s |
ʃ |
xorda / sorda |
ship, Polish śnieg (AL, M),[5] between sip and ship (retracted), Polish szyć (E)[4][5] |
h |
caxa / caja |
ship, Polish śnieg (AL, M),[5] hope (E) |
ʒ |
axunto / ajunto, orixe / ourige |
ship, Polish śnieg (AL),[5] hope (E), genre, Polish źrebię (M)[5] |
ʒ |
ɦ |
[example needed] |
genre, Polish źrebię (AL, M),[5] ahold (E) |
|
Dialectal consonants of Asturian and Leonese[clarification needed] |
IPA | Examples | English approximation |
AL |
h |
ḥierro |
ham |
ɖ |
ḷḷingua, patsuezu (in some local orthographies)[6] |
guard |
ɖʐ |
somewhat like budge but retroflex, Polish dżem |
ʈʂ |
somewhat like catch but retroflex, Polish czekać |
ts |
otso (ocho / oito) |
between cats and catch (retracted), Polish czekać |
c |
muyyer[7] |
cute |
cç |
ɟʝ |
endure |
Vowels |
IPA | Examples | English approximation |
AL |
E | M |
a |
a |
cacho, pá |
father |
ɐ |
cachico[8] |
tub |
e |
e |
senu / seno, pie / piê |
pay |
ɛ |
bezu / beç, sé |
bet |
ɨ |
cebada |
roses |
ɪ |
[example needed][8] |
kit (AL, E), roses (M) |
i |
chícharo |
see |
o |
o |
puerta / puôrta |
cold |
ɔ |
home, abó |
thought |
ʊ |
costiella / costiêlha |
influence |
ʊ |
[example needed][8] |
u |
pruma |
food |
Dialectal vowels |
ɛ |
|
[example needed] |
bet |
ɔ |
[example needed] |
dog |
|
Semivowels[9] |
IPA | Examples | English approximation |
AL |
E | M |
j |
fierro / fiêrro |
you / boy |
w |
puerta / puôrta |
wine / cow |
|
Suprasegmentals |
IPA | Examples | English approximation |
AL |
E | M |
ˈ |
[example needed] |
primary stress, as in explanation |
ˌ |
[example needed] |
secondary stress, as in explanation |
. |
[example needed] |
syllable break, as in reuse |
ː |
esti [ˈehtːɪ] |
consonant gemination |
Diacritics |
|
◌̃ |
antes, cun[10] |
nasal vowel[10] |
|