Internal conflict in Myanmar

Internal conflict in Myanmar
Date	2 April 1948 – present; (75 years, 5 months and 4 weeks)
Location	Myanmar (Burma)
Status	Ongoing Major ethnic conflicts in Kachin, Kayah, Kayin, Rakhine, and Shan State; Ceasefires signed by various groups since 1989; Autonomous self-administered zones created for six ethnic minorities by the 2008 Constitution of Myanmar; Military junta concedes de jure rule over Myanmar in 2011 and instigates a series of political reforms; Military reasserts de jure control over the country after the 2021 coup d'état, prompting anti-coup protests; Violent crackdowns on anti-coup protests in Myanmar's major cities escalate the conflict into a countrywide civil war by the end of 2021;
Combatants
State Administration Council Tatmadaw; Supported by: China[lower-alpha 1]; Russia[lower-alpha 1]; India[lower-alpha 2]; Former: Union of Burma (1948–1962) ; Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma (1962–1988) ; Union of Myanmar (1988–2011) ; Formerly supported by: ; Yugoslavia[lower-alpha 1] (1952–1988) ;	National Unity Government People's Defence Force; Ethnic armed organisations[lower-alpha 3]; Supported by:; China (alleged)[lower-alpha 4];
Units involved
Full list	Full list
Strength
406,000[2]	Total number of fighters unknown[lower-alpha 5]
Casualties and losses
	170,000+ killed[lower-alpha 6]; 600,000–1,000,000 internally displaced

Insurgencies have been ongoing in Myanmar since 1948, the year the country, then known as Burma, gained independence from the United Kingdom.[5][6] The conflict has largely been ethnic-based, with several ethnic armed groups fighting Myanmar's armed forces, the Tatmadaw, for self-determination. Despite numerous ceasefires and the creation of autonomous self-administered zones in 2008, many armed groups continue to call for independence, increased autonomy, or the federalisation of the country. The conflict is the world's longest ongoing civil war, having spanned more than seven decades.[7][8][9]

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Ongoing insurgencies in Myanmar / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia