JPEG
Lossy compression method for reducing the size of digital images / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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JPEG (/ˈdʒeɪpɛɡ/ JAY-peg, short for Joint Photographic Experts Group)[2] is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography. The degree of compression can be adjusted, allowing a selectable tradeoff between storage size and image quality. JPEG typically achieves 10:1 compression with little perceptible loss in image quality.[3] Since its introduction in 1992, JPEG has been the most widely used image compression standard in the world,[4][5] and the most widely used digital image format, with several billion JPEG images produced every day as of 2015.[6]
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 A photo of a European wildcat with the compression rate decreasing and hence quality increasing, from left to right | |
| Filename extension | .jpg, .jpeg, .jpe.jif, .jfif, .jfi |
|---|---|
| Internet media type |
image/jpeg |
| Type code | JPEG |
| Uniform Type Identifier (UTI) | public.jpeg |
| Magic number | ff d8 ff |
| Developed by | Joint Photographic Experts Group, IBM, Mitsubishi Electric, AT&T, Canon Inc.[1] |
| Initial release | September 18, 1992; 30 years ago (1992-09-18) |
| Type of format | Lossy image compression format |
| Extended to | JPEG 2000 |
| Standard | ISO/IEC 10918, ITU-T T.81, ITU-T T.83, ITU-T T.84, ITU-T T.86 |
| Website | jpeg |
The term "JPEG" is an acronym for the Joint Photographic Experts Group, which created the standard in 1992.[7] JPEG was largely responsible for the proliferation of digital images and digital photos across the Internet and later social media.[8]
JPEG compression is used in a number of image file formats. JPEG/Exif is the most common image format used by digital cameras and other photographic image capture devices; along with JPEG/JFIF, it is the most common format for storing and transmitting photographic images on the World Wide Web.[9] These format variations are often not distinguished and are simply called JPEG.
The MIME media type for JPEG is "image/jpeg," except in older Internet Explorer versions, which provide a MIME type of "image/pjpeg" when uploading JPEG images.[10] JPEG files usually have a filename extension of "jpg" or "jpeg." JPEG/JFIF supports a maximum image size of 65,535×65,535 pixels,[11] hence up to 4 gigapixels for an aspect ratio of 1:1. In 2000, the JPEG group introduced a format intended to be a successor, JPEG 2000, but it was unable to replace the original JPEG as the dominant image standard.[12]