James Joseph Sylvester

James Joseph Sylvester FRS HonFRSE (3 September 1814 – 15 March 1897) was an English mathematician. He made fundamental contributions to matrix theory, invariant theory, number theory, partition theory, and combinatorics. He played a leadership role in American mathematics in the later half of the 19th century as a professor at the Johns Hopkins University and as founder of the American Journal of Mathematics. At his death, he was a professor at Oxford University.

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James Joseph Sylvester
Born	James Joseph (1814-09-03)3 September 1814 London, England
Died	15 March 1897(1897-03-15) (aged 82) London, England
Resting place	Balls Pond Road Cemetery
Alma mater	St. John's College, Cambridge
Known for	Coining the terms 'graph' and 'discriminant' Chebyshev–Sylvester constant Quadruplanar inversor Sylvester's sequence Sylvester's formula Sylvester's determinant theorem Sylvester matrix Sylvester–Gallai theorem Sylvester's law of inertia Sylvester's triangle problem Sylver coinage Sylvester's criterion Sylvester domain
Awards	Royal Medal (1861) Copley Medal (1880) De Morgan Medal (1887)
Scientific career
Fields	Mathematics
Institutions	Johns Hopkins University University College London University of Virginia Royal Military Academy, Woolwich University of Oxford
Academic advisors	John Hymers Augustus De Morgan
Doctoral students	William Durfee George B. Halsted Washington Irving Stringham
Other notable students	Isaac Todhunter William Roberts McDaniel Harry Fielding Reid Christine Ladd-Franklin
Influenced	Morgan Crofton Christine Ladd-Franklin George Salmon