Madja-as
Pre-Hispanic (c.1082–1569) Philippine state located on the islands of Panay and Negros / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Confederation of Madja-as Katiringban it Madja-as | |||||||||
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c.1200–1569[citation needed] | |||||||||
Capital | Sinugbohan Malandog Aklan Irong-Irong | ||||||||
Common languages | Proto-Visayan (present-day Aklanon, Kinaray-a, Capiznon, Hiligaynon, and Cebuano in Negros Oriental) (local languages) Old Malay and Sanskrit (trade languages)[citation needed] | ||||||||
Religion | Primary Folk religion Secondary Hinduism[citation needed] Buddhism [citation needed] | ||||||||
Government | Federal monarchy | ||||||||
Datu | |||||||||
• c. 1200-? | Datu Puti | ||||||||
• ? | Datu Sumakwel | ||||||||
• c. 1400–? | Datu Manduyog | ||||||||
History | |||||||||
• Established by 10 Datus | c.1200 | ||||||||
• Conquest by Spain | 1569[citation needed] | ||||||||
Currency | Gold, Pearls, Barter | ||||||||
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Today part of | Philippines |
The Confederation of Madja-as was a legendary pre-colonial supra-baranganic polity on the island of Panay in the Philippines. It was mentioned in Pedro Monteclaro's book titled Maragtas. It was supposedly created by Datu Sumakwel to exercise his authority over all the other datus of Panay.[1] Like the Maragtas and the Code of Kalantiaw, the historical authenticity of the confederation is disputed, as no other documentation for Madja-as exists outside of Monteclaro's book.[2] However, the notion that the Maragtas is an original work of fiction by Monteclaro is disputed by a 2019 Thesis, named "Mga Maragtas ng Panay: Comparative Analysis of Documents about the Bornean Settlement Tradition" by Talaguit Christian Jeo N. of the De La Salle University[3] who stated that, "Contrary to popular belief, the Monteclaro Maragtas is not a primary source of the legend but is rather more accurately a secondary source at best" as the story of the Maragtas also appeared in the Augustinian Friar, Rev. Fr. Tomas Santaren’s Bisayan Accounts of Early Bornean Settlements (originally a part of the appendice in the book, Igorrotes: estudio geográfico y etnográfico sobre algunos distritos del norte de Luzon Igorots: a geographic and ethnographic study of certain districts of northern Luzon by Fr. Angel Perez)[4] Additionally, the characters and places mentioned in the Maragtas book, like Rajah Makatunaw and Madj-as can be found in Ming Dynasty Annals and Arabic Manuscripts. However, the written dates go earlier since Rajah Makatunaw was recorded to have been from 1082 AD and was a descendant of Seri Maharajah (According to Chinese annals) while the Code of Maragtas, a separate work from the Maragtas book, placed him at the 1200s.[5][6][Notes 1]
J. Carrol in his article: "The Word Bisaya in the Philippines and Borneo" (1960) thinks there might be indirect evidence in the possible affinity between the Visayans and Melanaos as he speculates that Makatunao is similar with the ancient leader of the Melanao in Sarawak, called "Tugau" or "Maha Tungao" (Maha or महत्, meaning 'great' in Sanskrit).[7][8] Chinese annals and maps record Madja-as as marked with the city of Yachen 啞陳 (Oton, which is a district in Panay, an island under the Madja-as Kedatuan)[9]