This article lists the individuals to have served as Main Opposition Leader of Turkey, since the inception of the republican period in 1923. The Main Opposition Leader (Turkish: Ana Muhalefet Lideri) is the leader of the largest political party in the Grand National Assembly that is not in cabinet.
| Main Opposition Leader | |
|---|---|
| Ana Muhalefet Lideri | |
.svg){kind=logo} Logo of the largest opposition party | |
| Residence | No official residence |
| Appointer | Largest political party in the Grand National Assembly that is not in the cabinet |
| Term length | While leader of the largest political party in the Grand National Assembly that is not in the cabinet |
| Inaugural holder | Kâzım Karabekir (One-party period) Celâl Bayar (Multi-party period) |
| Formation | 17 October 1924 (One-party period) 7 January 1946 (Multi-party period) |
Except for two brief periods (1924–25 and 1930), there were no opposition leaders in the one-party period. Furthermore, there were no opposition leaders during the periods of military dictatorships in the multi-party period (1960–61 and 1980–83).[1][2][3]
List
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Party | Term of office | Head of government | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
| 1 |  |
Kâzım Karabekir (1882–1948) |
Progressive Republican Party (TCF) |
17 October 1924 | 3 June 1925 | 229 days | İsmet İnönü Fethi Okyar | |
| Office vacant (3 June 1925 – 12 August 1930) | ||||||||
| 2 |  |
Fethi Okyar (1880–1943) |
Liberal Republican Party (SCF) |
12 August 1930 | 17 November 1930 | 97 days | İsmet İnönü | |
| Office vacant (17 November 1930 – 7 January 1946) | ||||||||
| 3 |  |
Celâl Bayar (1883–1986) |
Democrat Party (DP) |
7 January 1946 | 14 May 1950 | 4 years, 127 days | Şükrü Saracoğlu Recep Peker Hasan Saka Şemsettin Günaltay | |
| 4 |  |
İsmet İnönü (1884–1973) |
Republican People's Party (CHP) |
22 May 1950 | 27 May 1960 | 10 years, 5 days | Adnan Menderes | |
| Office vacant (27 May 1960 – 20 November 1961) | ||||||||
| 5 | .jpg) |
Ekrem Alican (1916–2000) |
New Turkey Party (YTP) |
20 November 1961 | 25 June 1962 | 217 days | İsmet İnönü | |
| 6 |  |
Ragıp Gümüşpala (1897–1964) |
Justice Party (AP) |
25 June 1962 | 6 June 1964 | 1 year, 347 days | İsmet İnönü | |
| 7 |  |
Süleyman Demirel (1924–2015) |
Justice Party (AP) |
6 June 1964 | 20 February 1965 | 259 days | İsmet İnönü | |
| 8 (4) |
|
İsmet İnönü (1884–1973) |
Republican People's Party (CHP) |
20 February 1965 | 26 March 1971 | 6 years, 34 days | Suat Hayri Ürgüplü Süleyman Demirel | |
| 9 (7) |
 |
Süleyman Demirel (1924–2015) |
Justice Party (AP) |
26 January 1974 | 17 November 1974 | 295 days | Bülent Ecevit | |
| 10 |  |
Bülent Ecevit (1925–2006) |
Republican People's Party (CHP) |
31 March 1975 | 21 June 1977 | 2 years, 82 days | Süleyman Demirel | |
| 11 (7) |
|
Süleyman Demirel (1924–2015) |
Justice Party (AP) |
21 June 1977 | 21 July 1977 | 30 days | Bülent Ecevit | |
| 12 (10) |
|
Bülent Ecevit (1925–2006) |
Republican People's Party (CHP) |
21 July 1977 | 5 January 1978 | 168 days | Süleyman Demirel | |
| 13 (7) |
|
Süleyman Demirel (1924–2015) |
Justice Party (AP) |
5 January 1978 | 12 November 1979 | 1 year, 311 days | Bülent Ecevit | |
| 14 (10) |
|
Bülent Ecevit (1925–2006) |
Republican People's Party (CHP) |
12 November 1979 | 12 September 1980 | 305 days | Süleyman Demirel | |
| Office vacant (12 September 1980 – 13 December 1983) | ||||||||
| 15 | |
Necdet Calp (1922–1998) |
Populist Party (HP) |
13 December 1983 | 27 June 1985 | 1 year, 196 days | Turgut Özal | |
| 16 | |
Aydın Güven Gürkan (1941–2006) |
Populist Party (HP) |
27 June 1985 | 3 November 1985 | 337 days | Turgut Özal | |
| Social Democrat Populist Party (SHP) |
3 November 1985 | 30 May 1986 | ||||||
| 17 | _(cropped).jpg) |
Erdal İnönü (1926–2007) |
30 May 1986 | 20 November 1991 | 5 years, 174 days | Turgut Özal Yıldırım Akbulut Mesut Yılmaz | ||
| 18 |  |
Mesut Yılmaz (1947–2020) |
Motherland Party (ANAP) |
21 November 1991 | 6 March 1996 | 4 years, 106 days | Süleyman Demirel Tansu Çiller | |
| 19 |  |
Necmettin Erbakan (1926–2011) |
Welfare Party (RP) |
6 March 1996 | 28 June 1996 | 114 days | Mesut Yılmaz | |
| 20 (18) |
|
Mesut Yılmaz (1947–2020) |
Motherland Party (ANAP) |
28 June 1996 | 30 June 1997 | 1 year, 2 days | Necmettin Erbakan | |
| 21 (19) |
|
Necmettin Erbakan (1926–2011) |
Welfare Party (RP) |
30 June 1997 | 17 December 1997 | 170 days | Mesut Yılmaz | |
| 22 | |
İsmail Alptekin (born 1943) |
Virtue Party (FP) |
17 December 1997 | 14 May 1998 | 148 days | Mesut Yılmaz | |
| 23 |  |
Recai Kutan (born 1930) |
Virtue Party (FP) |
14 May 1998 | 22 June 2001 | 3 years, 39 days | Mesut Yılmaz Bülent Ecevit | |
| 24 |  |
Tansu Çiller (born 1946) |
True Path Party (DYP) |
22 June 2001 | 19 November 2002 | 1 year, 150 days | Bülent Ecevit | |
| 25 |  |
Deniz Baykal (1938–2023) |
Republican People's Party (CHP) |
19 November 2002 | 22 May 2010 | 7 years, 184 days | Abdullah Gül Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | |
| 26 | .png) |
Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu (born 1948) |
Republican People's Party (CHP) |
22 May 2010 | 5 November 2023 | 13 years, 167 days | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Ahmet Davutoğlu Binali Yıldırım | |
| 27 | .jpg) |
Özgür Özel (born 1974) |
Republican People's Party (CHP) |
5 November 2023 | Incumbent | 322 days | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | |
Timeline
See also
References
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