Maxwell's thermodynamic surface
Sculpture of a substance's thermodynamic properties / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Maxwell’s thermodynamic surface is an 1874 sculpture[1] made by Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879). This model provides a three-dimensional space of the various states of a fictitious substance with water-like properties.[2] This plot has coordinates volume (x), entropy (y), and energy (z). It was based on the American scientist Josiah Willard Gibbs’ graphical thermodynamics papers of 1873.[3][4] The model, in Maxwell's words, allowed "the principal features of known substances [to] be represented on a convenient scale."[5]