Metacognition
Thinking about thinking, higher-order thinking skills / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Metacognition is an awareness of one's thought processes and an understanding of the patterns behind them. The term comes from the root word meta, meaning "beyond", or "on top of".[1] Metacognition can take many forms, such as reflecting on one's ways of thinking and knowing when and how to use particular strategies for problem-solving.[1] There are generally two components of metacognition: (1) knowledge about cognition and (2) regulation of cognition.[2] Research has shown that both components of metacognition play key roles in learning.[3][4] A metacognitive model differs from other scientific models in that the creator of the model is per definition also enclosed within it.[5] Scientific models are often prone to distancing the observer from the object or field of study whereas a metacognitive model in general tries to include the observer in the model.
Metamemory, defined as knowing about memory and mnemonic strategies, is an especially important form of metacognition.[6]
Writings on metacognition date back at least as far as two works by the Greek philosopher Aristotle (384–322 BC): On the Soul and the Parva Naturalia.[7]