Official communications in imperial China
Official communication documents of the Chinese empire, 221 BCE to 1912 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Official communications in imperial China, the era which lasted from the 221 BC until AD 1912, required predictable forms and means. Documents flowed down from the Emperor to officials, from officials to the Emperor, from one part of the bureaucracy to others, and from the Emperor or his officials to the people. These documents, especially memorials to the throne, were preserved in collections which became more voluminous with each passing dynasty and make the Chinese historical record extraordinarily rich.
This article briefly describes the major forms and types of communication going up to and down from the emperor.