Philippe I, Duke of Orléans

Monsieur Philippe I, Duke of Orléans (21 September 1640 – 9 June 1701), was the younger son of King Louis XIII of France and his wife, Anne of Austria. His elder brother was the "Sun King", Louis XIV. Styled Duke of Anjou from birth, Philippe became Duke of Orléans upon the death of his uncle Gaston in 1660. In 1661, he also received the dukedoms of Valois and Chartres.[2] Following Philippe's victory in battle in 1671, Louis XIV granted his brother the dukedom of Nemours, the marquisates of Coucy and Folembray, and the countships of Dourdan and Romorantin.[3]

Quick facts: Philippe I, Born, Died, Burial, Spouses... ▼

Philippe I
Duke of Orléans
Portrait by Pierre Mignard
Born	(1640-09-21)21 September 1640 Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
Died	9 June 1701(1701-06-09) (aged 60) Château de Saint-Cloud, France
Burial	21 June 1701 Basilica of St Denis, France
Spouses	Henrietta of England ​ ​ (m. 1661; died 1670)​ Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate ​ ​ (m. 1671)​
Issue Detail	Marie Louise, Queen of Spain Philippe Charles, Duke of Valois Anne Marie, Queen of Sardinia Philippe II, Duke of Orléans Élisabeth Charlotte, Duchess of Lorraine
Names Philippe de Bourbon[1]
House	Bourbon (by birth) Orléans (founder)
Father	Louis XIII of France
Mother	Anne of Austria
Religion	Catholicism
Signature

Throughout his life, Philippe was open about his preference for male lovers, most notably the Chevalier de Lorraine, and freely acted with effeminacy. He married twice, first to Henrietta of England and then to Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate, fathering several children. Philippe was the founder of the House of Orléans, a cadet branch of the ruling House of Bourbon, and thus the direct ancestor of Louis Philippe I, who ruled France from 1830 until 1848 in the July Monarchy.[4] The Duke was military commander at the Battle of Cassel in 1677. Through careful personal administration, he greatly augmented the fortunes of the House of Orléans.