Plasmalogen
Subclass of Glycerophospholipids / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Glycerophospholipids of biochemical relevance are divided into three subclasses based on the substitution present at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone: acyl, alkyl and alkenyl.[1] Of these, the alkyl and alkenyl moiety in each case form an ether bond, which makes for two types of ether phospholipids, plasmanyl (alkyl moiety at sn-1), and plasmenyl (alkenyl moiety with vinyl ether linkage at sn-1). Plasmalogens are plasmenyls with an ester (acyl group) linked lipid at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone,[2][3] chemically designated 1-0(1Z-alkenyl)-2-acyl-glycerophospholipids.[4] The lipid attached to the vinyl ether at sn-1 can be C16:0, C18:0, or C18:1 (saturated and monounsaturated),[4][2] and the lipid attached to the acyl group at sn-2 can be C22:6 ω-3 (docosahexaenoic acid) or C20:4 ω-6 (arachidonic acid), (both are polyunsaturated acids).[5] Plasmalogens are classified according to their head group, mainly as PC plasmalogens (plasmenylcholines) and PE plasmalogens (plasmenylethalomines)[6][7] Plasmalogens should not be confused with plasmanyls.
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Plasmalogens are commonly found in cell membranes in the nervous, immune, and cardiovascular systems.[8][9][10]