Portal:Mexico

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The Temple of Warriors at Chichen Itza, Mexico
The Temple of Warriors at Chichen Itza, Mexico

¡Bienvenido! Welcome to the Mexico portal

Location of Mexico
LocationSouthern portion of North America

Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Mexico covers 1,972,550 km2 (761,610 sq mi), making it the world's 13th-largest country by area; with a population of almost 130 million, it is the 10th-most-populous country and has the most Spanish speakers. Mexico is organized as a federal republic comprising 31 states and Mexico City, its capital.


Human presence in Pre-Columbian Mexico goes back to 8,000 BCE. It became one of the world's six cradles of civilization. The Mesoamerican region was home to many intertwined civilizations, including the Olmec, Maya, Zapotec, Teotihuacan, and Purepecha. The Aztecs dominated the region in the century before European contact. In 1521, the Spanish Empire and its indigenous allies conquered the Aztec Empire from its capital Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City), establishing the colony of New Spain. Over the next three centuries, Spain and the Catholic Church expanded the territory, enforced Christianity and spread the Spanish language. With the discovery of rich deposits of silver in Zacatecas and Guanajuato, New Spain became one of the most important mining centers worldwide. The colonial order came to an end in the early nineteenth century with the Mexican War of Independence. (Full article...)

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Yucatan_chix_crater.jpg
Imaging from NASA's Shuttle Radar Topography Mission STS-99 reveals part of the diameter ring of the crater in the form of a shallow circular trough. Numerous cenotes (sinkholes) cluster around the trough marking the inner crater rim.

The Chicxulub crater (IPA: [t͡ʃikʃuˈluɓ] ) is an impact crater buried underneath the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico. Its center is offshore, but the crater is named after the onshore community of Chicxulub Pueblo. It was formed slightly over 66 million years ago when a large asteroid, about ten kilometers (six miles) in diameter, struck Earth. The crater is estimated to be 180 kilometers (110 miles) in diameter and 20 kilometers (12 miles) in depth. It is the second largest confirmed impact structure on Earth, and the only one whose peak ring is intact and directly accessible for scientific research.

The crater was discovered by Antonio Camargo and Glen Penfield, geophysicists who had been looking for petroleum in the Yucatán Peninsula during the late 1970s. Penfield was initially unable to obtain evidence that the geological feature was a crater and gave up his search. Later, through contact with Alan R. Hildebrand in 1990, Penfield obtained samples that suggested it was an impact feature. Evidence for the crater's impact origin includes shocked quartz, a gravity anomaly, and tektites in surrounding areas. (Full article...)

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A Volkswagen Beetle taxi in Mexico City.

The Volkswagen Beetle was introduced to Mexico in March 1954, inside the exhibition "Alemania y su Industria" (Germany and its Industry). Four different Volkswagen vehicles were brought to Mexico through Veracruz City for the first time. Those vehicles were: two Sedans 113 in "Export" trim, a convertible, and a VW Bus in luxury trim. Officially, the Bug/Beetle was named "Type I sedan" and the Bus was named "Type II station wagon", though variants included single and double cab pickups.

At that time, the Mexican car market was mostly characterized by American makes and models with large sizes and large engines, which made a huge contrast with the new German entrant. An exhibition was held in the Ciudad Universitaria in Mexico City; during this event, the vehicles were widely admired by the public. The Volkswagen Beetles displayed there were the model with the "oval window". Former Mexican president Lázaro Cárdenas made a trip from Michoacán, just to see this peculiar vehicle. The local press immediately published the news into eight columns under the title "The People's Man" with the "People's Car". (Full article...)
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Mis Romances (English: My Romances) is the fourteenth studio album of Mexican singer Luis Miguel, released on 20 November 2001 by Warner Music Latina. It is the fourth album in the Romance series wherein Luis Miguel covers bolero standards from Latin America and includes two original compositions. Produced by Luis Miguel, the album was recorded at the Record Plant in Los Angeles, California with the participation of the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra at the Abbey Road Studios in London, England. The recording was promoted by three singles: "Amor, Amor, Amor", "Cómo Duele", and "Al Que Me Siga". It was further promoted by a tour in 2002 that had Luis Miguel performing in the United States, Latin America, and Spain. It was the highest-grossing tour of the year by a Latin artist in the U.S.

Mis Romances was neither a critical nor a commercial success. It was met with unfavorable reviews from critics who felt the record was too similar to its predecessors and lambasted Luis Miguel for not evolving his artistic style. Commercially, it peaked at number two on Billboard's Top Latin Albums and was the second bestselling Latin album of 2002 in the United States. Additionally, it reached number one in Argentina and was the bestselling record of the year in Mexico. Within nine days of its release. Mis Romances sold over 1.5 million copies, but failed to meet the record label's expectations. The album also won the Billboard Latin Music Award for "Latin Pop Album of the Year by a Male Artist" and "Album of the Year" at the 2002 Premio de la Gente. (Full article...)

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Miguel de la Madrid in 1986

Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado (Spanish pronunciation: [miˈɣel de la maˈðɾið uɾˈtaðo]; 12 December 1934 – 1 April 2012) was a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as the 59th president of Mexico from 1982 to 1988.

Inheriting a severe economic and financial crisis from his predecessor José López Portillo as a result of the international drop in oil prices and a crippling external debt on which Mexico had defaulted months before he took office, De la Madrid introduced sweeping neoliberal policies to overcome the crisis, beginning an era of market-oriented presidents in Mexico, along with austerity measures involving deep cuts in public spending. In spite of these reforms, De la Madrid's administration continued to be plagued by negative economic growth and inflation for the rest of his term, while the social effects of the austerity measures were particularly harsh on the lower and middle classes, with real wages falling to half of what they were in 1978 and with a sharp rise in unemployment and in the informal economy by the end of his term. (Full article...)

In the news

24 November 2023 – Mexican drug war
The security chief for El Chapo's Sinaloa Cartel Nestor Isidro Pérez Salas, also known as "El Nini", is arrested in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. The United States Drug Enforcement Administration had a $3 million bounty for El Nini's arrest. (CBS News)
20 November 2023 – Mexican drug war
A shootout between police and armed civilians in Cuernavaca, Morelos, kills nine people, including two police officers. (AP)
11 November 2023 –
Mexican officials impose severe, months long cuts to Mexico City’s water supply, acting just a month after initial restrictions were ordered as drought dries the city's reservoirs. (AP)
10 November 2023 –
Authorities find 123 Central and South American migrants trapped in a trailer in San Luis Potosi, Mexico after a local reported hearing cries for help from a locked trailer box. (AP)
25 October 2023 – 2023 Pacific hurricane season
Hurricane Otis becomes the most intense landfalling cyclone in the Eastern Pacific basin on record after making landfall near Acapulco, Mexico, and killing at least 27 people in the city, as a category 5 hurricane with 1-minute sustained winds of 165 miles per hour (266 km/h). (AP)
23 October 2023 – Mexican drug war
At least 24 people, including twelve police officers, are killed in three separate mass shootings and ambushes by unidentified assailants in Coyuca de Benítez, Guerrero, and Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico. (AFP via France 24)

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Pepita con Tasajo served at a restaurant in Chiapa de Corzo.
The cuisine of Chiapas is a style of cooking centered on the Mexican state of the same name. Like the cuisine of rest of the country, it is based on corn with a mix of indigenous and European influences. It distinguishes itself by retaining most of its indigenous heritage, including the use of the chipilín herb in tamales and soups, used nowhere else in Mexico. However, while it does use some chili peppers, including the very hot simojovel, it does not use it as much as other Mexican regional cuisines, preferring slightly sweet seasoning to its main dishes. Large regions of the state are suitable for grazing and the cuisine reflects this with meat, especially beef and the production of cheese. The most important dish is the tamal, with many varieties created through the state as well as dishes such as chanfaina, similar to menudo and sopa de pan. Although it has been promoted by the state of Chiapas for tourism purposes as well as some chefs, it is not as well known as other Mexican cuisine, such as that of neighboring Oaxaca. (Full article...)

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