Pulmonic-contour clicks, also called sequential linguo-pulmonic consonants, are consonants that transition from a click to an ordinary pulmonic sound, or more precisely, have an audible delay between the front and rear release of the click. All click types (alveolar ǃ, dental ǀ, lateral ǁ, palatal ǂ, retroflex ‼, and labial ʘ) have linguo-pulmonic variants, which occur as both stops and affricates, and are attested in four phonations: tenuis, voiced, aspirated, and murmured (breathy voiced). At least a voiceless linguo-pulmonic affricate is attested from all Khoisan languages of southern Africa (the Khoe, Tuu, and Kx'a language families), as well as (reportedly) from the Bantu language Yeyi from the same area, but they are unattested elsewhere.
Quick Facts Tenuis alveolar linguo-pulmonic stop, ǃ͡q ...
Tenuis alveolar linguo-pulmonic stop |
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Quick Facts Voiced dental linguo-pulmonic stop, ǀ͡ɢ ...
Voiced dental linguo-pulmonic stop |
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Quick Facts Aspirated lateral linguo-pulmonic stop, ǁ͡qʰ ...
Aspirated lateral linguo-pulmonic stop |
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Quick Facts Breathy-voiced palatal linguo-pulmonic stop, ǂ͡ɢʱ ...
Breathy-voiced palatal linguo-pulmonic stop |
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Quick Facts Voiceless labial linguo-pulmonic affricate, ʘ͡χ ...
Voiceless labial linguo-pulmonic affricate |
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Quick Facts Voiced retroflex linguo-pulmonic affricate, ‼͡ʁ ...
Voiced retroflex linguo-pulmonic affricate |
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