Self-driving car

A self-driving car, also known as an autonomous car (AC), driverless car, or robotic car (robo-car),[1][2][3] is a car that is capable of traveling without human input.[4][5] Self-driving cars are responsible for perceiving the environment, monitoring important systems, and control, including navigation.[6] Perception accepts visual and audio data from outside and inside the car and interpret the input to abstractly render the vehicle and its surroundings. The control system then takes actions to move the vehicle, considering the route, road conditions, traffic controls, and obstacles.[7][8][9][10][11]

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Assured clear distance ahead Automatic parking Autonomous racing Datasets History Impact Lane centering Pedestrian crash avoidance mitigation Platoon Regulation Liability Robotaxi Self-driving truck Tunnel problem Vehicle infrastructure integration
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Automatic train operation Unmanned surface vehicle
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They have the potential to impact the automotive industry, health, welfare, urban planning, traffic, insurance, labor market, and other domains. Appropriate regulations are necessary for deployment.

Autonomous ground vehicle capabilities can be categorized in six levels[12] defined by SAE International (SAE J3016).[13]

As of August 2023^[update], no system had reached the highest level, although multiple vendors are pursuing autonomy. Waymo was the first to offer robo taxi rides to the general public, and offers services in various US cities, followed by Cruise, in San Francisco.[14] Honda was the first manufacturer to sell a Level 3 car,[15][16][17] followed by Mercedes-Benz.[18] Nuro offers autonomous commercial delivery operations in California.[19] DeepRoute.ai launched a robotaxi service in Shenzhen.[20] Palo Alto, California certified Nuro at Level 4.[21]

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