Shahmukhi
Perso-Arabic script used to write the Punjabi language / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Shahmukhi (Punjabi: شاہ مُکھی, Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ, lit. 'from the mouth of the Shah') is an Abjad developed from the Perso-Arabic alphabet script, used for the Punjabi language. It came into use in Punjabi Sufi literature, from the 12th century and onwards.[1][2][3][4] It is generally written in the Nastaʿlīq calligraphic hand,[3][4] which is also used for Urdu.[5] Shahmukhi script is the standard script in Pakistani Punjab used for Punjabi. Perso-Arabic is one of two scripts used for Punjabi, the other being Gurmukhi used in the Indian Punjab.[3][6][4]
| Shahmukhi شاہ مُکھی | |
|---|---|
 "Shahmukhi" written using the Nastaliq calligraphic hand | |
| Script type | |
Time period | 12th century-present |
| Direction | right-to-left script  |
| Languages | Punjabi |
| Related scripts | |
Parent systems | |
| Unicode | |
| This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. | |
| Shahmukhi alphabet |
|---|
| ا ب پ ت ٹ ث ج چ ح خ د ڈ ذ ر ڑ ز ژ س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ک گ ل ࣇ م ن ݨ (ں) و ه (ھ) ء ی ے |
|
Extended Perso-Arabic script |
Shahmukhi is written from right to left, while Gurmukhi is written from left to right.[7][8][4] It is also used as the main alphabet to write Pahari–Pothwari in the Pothohar region of Punjab and Azad Kashmir.