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Dialect of Chaoshan Min From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Swatow dialect, or in Mandarin the Shantou dialect, is a Chinese dialect mostly spoken in Shantou in Guangdong, China. It is a dialect of Chaoshan Min language.[4] It is similar to and largely mutually intelligible with the Teochew dialect.
Swatow dialect | |
---|---|
Shantou | |
汕頭話 Suan¹tao⁵ uê⁷ | |
Native to | China |
Region | Mainly in Shantou, southeastern Guangdong province. |
Early forms | |
Peng'im | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Glottolog | shan1244 |
Linguasphere | 79-AAA-jif |
Shantou dialect |
Shantou dialect has 18 initials, 61 rimes and 8 tones.
i 衣 | u 污 | |
a 亞 | ia 呀 | ua 娃 |
o 窩 | io 腰 | |
e 啞 | ue 鍋 | |
ɯ 余 | ||
ai 哀 | uai 歪 | |
oi 鞋 | ui 威 | |
au 歐 | iau 夭 | |
ou 烏 | iu 憂 | |
ĩ 丸 | ||
ã 噯 | ĩã 營 | uã 鞍 |
ĩõ 羊 | ||
ẽ 楹 | ||
ɯ̃ 秧 | ||
ãĩ 愛 | ||
õĩ 閑 | ||
im 音 | ||
am 庵 | iam 淹 | |
iŋ 因 | uŋ 溫 | |
aŋ 按 | iaŋ 央 | uaŋ 汪 |
oŋ 翁 | ioŋ 雍 | |
eŋ 英 | ||
ɤŋ 恩 | ||
iʔ 裂 | ||
aʔ 鴨 | iaʔ 益 | uaʔ 呴 |
oʔ 學 | ioʔ 約 | |
eʔ 厄 | ||
oiʔ 狹 | iuʔ | |
ip̚ 邑 | ||
ap̚ 盒 | iap̚ 壓 | uap̚ 法 |
ik̚ 乙 | uk̚ 熨 | |
ak̚ 惡 | iak̚ 躍 | uak̚ 獲 |
ok̚ 屋 | iok̚ 育 | |
ek̚ 液 | ||
m̩ 唔 |
No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tones | dark level 陰平 |
dark rising 陰上 |
dark departing 陰去 |
dark entering 陰入 |
light level 陽平 |
light rising 陽上 |
light departing 陽去 |
light entering 陽入 |
Tone contour | ˧ (33) | ˥˧ (53) | ˨˩˧ (213) | ˨ (2) | ˥ (55) | ˧˥ (35) | ˩ (11) | ˥ (5) |
Example Hanzi | 詩 | 死 | 四 | 薛 | 時 | 是 | 示 | 蝕 |
Shantou dialect has extremely extensive tone sandhi rules: in an utterance, only the last syllable pronounced is not affected by the rules. The two-syllable tonal sandhi rules are shown in the table below:
Original citation tone | Tone sandhi |
---|---|
dark level 33 | 23 |
light level 55 | 21 |
dark rising 53 | 35 |
light rising 35 | 21 |
dark departing 213 | 55 |
light departing 11 | 12 |
dark entering 2 | 5 |
light entering 5 | 2 |
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