Lithium floating in oil |
|
Pronunciation | (LITH-ee-əm) |
---|
Appearance | silvery-white |
---|
|
|
| |
---|
|
|
|
Group | group 1: hydrogen and alkali metals |
---|
Period | period 2 |
---|
Block | s-block |
---|
Electron configuration | [He] 2s1 |
---|
Electrons per shell | 2, 1 |
---|
|
Phase at STP | solid |
---|
Melting point | 453.65 K (180.50 °C, 356.90 °F) |
---|
Boiling point | 1603 K (1330 °C, 2426 °F) |
---|
Density (near r.t.) | 0.534 g/cm3 |
---|
when liquid (at m.p.) | 0.512 g/cm3 |
---|
Critical point | 3220 K, 67 MPa (extrapolated) |
---|
Heat of fusion | 3.00 kJ/mol |
---|
Heat of vaporization | 136 kJ/mol |
---|
Molar heat capacity | 24.860 J/(mol·K) |
---|
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
at T (K) |
797 |
885 |
995 |
1144 |
1337 |
1610 |
|
|
Oxidation states | 0[3], +1 (a strongly basic oxide) |
---|
Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 0.98 |
---|
Ionization energies | - 1st: 520.2 kJ/mol
- 2nd: 7298.1 kJ/mol
- 3rd: 11815.0 kJ/mol
-
|
---|
Atomic radius | empirical: 152 pm |
---|
Covalent radius | 128±7 pm |
---|
Van der Waals radius | 182 pm |
---|
Spectral lines of lithium |
|
Natural occurrence | primordial |
---|
Crystal structure | body-centered cubic (bcc) |
---|
Speed of sound thin rod | 6000 m/s (at 20 °C) |
---|
Thermal expansion | 46 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C) |
---|
Thermal conductivity | 84.8 W/(m⋅K) |
---|
Electrical resistivity | 92.8 nΩ⋅m (at 20°C) |
---|
Magnetic ordering | paramagnetic |
---|
Young's modulus | 4.9 GPa |
---|
Shear modulus | 4.2 GPa |
---|
Bulk modulus | 11 GPa |
---|
Mohs hardness | 0.6 |
---|
CAS Number | 7439-93-2 |
---|
|
|
|
|
Category: Lithium | references |