Trazodone
Antidepressant medication / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Trazodone, sold under many brand names,[1] is an antidepressant medication.[20] It is used to treat major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and insomnia.[20] The medication is taken orally.[20]
Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Desyrel, Trittico, others[1] |
Other names | AF-1161 |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a681038 |
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Dependence liability | None[2] |
Addiction liability | None[2] |
Routes of administration | By mouth |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | By mouth: 65%[7][failed verification] |
Protein binding | 89–95%[8] |
Metabolism | Liver (CYP3A4, CYP2D6, CYP1A2?)[9][10][11][12][13] |
Metabolites | mCPPTooltip meta-Chlorophenylpiperazine[14] |
Onset of action | By mouth: 1 hour (Tmax)[15] |
Elimination half-life | • Trazodone (IR): 4–15 hours[9][11][16][17] • Trazodone (ER): 9–13 hours[18][11][16] • mCPPTooltip meta-Chlorophenylpiperazine: 3–16 hours[9][11][17][19] |
Excretion | Urine: 70–75%[7] Feces: 21%[7] |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.039.364 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C19H22ClN5O |
Molar mass | 371.87 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Melting point | 87 °C (189 °F) |
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Common side effects include dry mouth, feeling faint, vomiting, and headache.[20] More serious side effects may include suicide, mania, irregular heart rate, and pathologically prolonged erections.[20] It is unclear if use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe.[21] It is a phenylpiperazine compound of the serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor (SARI) class.[22][23] Trazodone also has sedating effects.[24]
Trazodone was approved for medical use in the United States in 1981.[20] It is available as a generic medication.[20] In 2021, it was the 22nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 26 million prescriptions.[25][26]