User:Dmitri9/Palestinian freedom of movement
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The restriction of the movement of Palestinians in the Israeli-occupied territories by Israel is one issue in the Israel-Palestinian conflict. The varying restrictions, by which Palestinians required exit permits to travel within Israel, were put into place following the 1967 war and intensified during the First Intifada.[1] A policy of permanent closure of the occupied territories began in 1991, and would result in total closures following rises in Palestinian political violence.[1]
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In the mid-1990s, with the implementation of the Oslo Accords and the division of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip into three separate administrative divisions, there was little change to these restrictions. Comprehenesive closures during the Second Intifada resulted in complete prohibitions on Palestinian movement into Israel and between the West Bank and Gaza Strip, and the situation remains the same today.[1] Israel says that the regime of restrictions is necessary to protect Israelis living in Israel proper and the Israeli settlements.[2][3]
Israel enforces restrictions on Palestinians freedom of movement in the West Bank by employing a system of permanent, temporary and random manned checkpoints, the West Bank Barrier and by forbidding the usage of roads by Palestinians.[4] A 2007 World Bank report concluded that the West Bank "is experiencing severe and expanding restrictions on movement and access, high levels of unpredictability and a struggling economy."[5] Unmanned physical obstructions to block roads and paths might include dirt piles, concrete blocks, large stones, barriers, ditches, and metal gates. The physical obstructions might be altered often, on the basis of political and security circumstances.