User:Mel.Anderson20/sandbox
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Affordance is a concept that was originally conceived by the psychologist James. J. Gibson to describe the opportunities for action which are provided by the environment for the individual. To name a few examples, a cup affords grasping, a bench or flat surface affords sitting or maybe climbing on, air affords breathing and water affords drinking.[1][2] The Gibsonian understanding of affordance can be characterised as action possibilities latent in the environment, objectively measureable and independent of the individual’s ability to recognise them, but always in relation to the actor and therefore dependent on their capabilities. The term has been variously used in a range of fields: ecological psychology, cognitive psychology, environmental psychology, industrial design, human–computer interaction (HCI), interaction design, instructional design and artificial intelligence.
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Behavioural and neuroimaging studies within psychology have provided rich data to undertake the task of disseminating affordances. Temporal information regarding affordances has been provided through the use of reaction times in behavioural studies and event-related potentials in electroencephalography (EEG). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques have allowed spatial information concerning affordances to be inferred. Disorders such as ataxia and visual agnosia have enhanced understanding of neural streams in the visual cortex associated with affordances.