User:Mr. Ibrahem/Dextroamphetamine
CNS stimulant used in the treatment of ADHD / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dextroamphetamine (D-AMP), also known as dexamfetamine, is a medication used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.[15] While it has been used sort term for obesity, such use is no longer recommended.[3] It is taken by mouth.[15] It has also been used to improved job performance, athletic performance, and by military forces.[16]
Clinical data | |
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Pronunciation | /ˌdɛkstroʊæmˈfɛtəmiːn/ |
Trade names | Dexedrine, DextroStat, Metamina, Attentin, Zenzedi, others |
Other names | D-amphetamine, dexamfetamine, dexamphetamine, (S)-amphetamine, (+)-amphetamine, dexamfetamine sulfate |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a605027 |
License data |
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Pregnancy category |
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Dependence liability | Moderate-high[1][2] |
Addiction liability | Moderate-high[1][2] |
Routes of administration | By mouth |
Drug class | Amphetamine[3] |
Legal status | |
Legal status |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | By mouth: 75–100%[4] |
Protein binding | 15–40%[5] |
Metabolism | CYP2D6,[6] DBH,[7] FMO3[8] |
Onset of action | IR dosing: 0.5–1.5 hours[9] |
Elimination half-life | 9–11 hours[6][10] pH-dependent: 7–34 hours[11] |
Duration of action | IR dosing: 3–6 hours[12][13] XR dosing: 8–12 hours[2][12][13] |
Excretion | Kidney (45%);[14] urinary pH-dependent |
Identifiers | |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C9H13N |
Molar mass | 135.210 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Density | 0.913 g/cm3 |
Boiling point | 201.5 °C (394.7 °F) |
Solubility in water | 20 mg/mL (20 °C) |
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Common side effects include stomach pain, trouble sleeping, palpitations, high blood pressure, anxiety, tremor, and diarrhea.[3] Other side effects may include cardiomyopathy, abuse, psychosis, aggression, and seizures.[3] Use in pregnancy may result in prematurity in the baby.[3] It is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant and isomer of amphetamine.[3]
Dextroamphetamine came into medical use in 1937.[17] It is available as a generic medication.[15] In the United Kingdom 30 tablets of 20 mg costs the NHS about £80 as of 2021.[15] In the United States this amount costs about 60 USD.[18] In the United States it is a Schedule II controlled substance.[19]