User:Mr. Ibrahem/Nicotinamide
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nicotinamide (NAM), also known as niacinamide, is a form of vitamin B3 found in food and used as a dietary supplement and medication.[2][3][4] As a supplement, it is used by mouth to prevent and treat pellagra (niacin deficiency).[3] While nicotinic acid (niacin) may be used for this purpose, nicotinamide has the benefit of not causing skin flushing.[3] As a cream, it is used to treat acne.[4]
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Pronunciation | /ˌnɪkəˈtɪnəmaɪd/ |
Other names | 3-pyridinecarboxamide niacinamide nicotinic acid amide vitamin PP nicotinic amide vitamin B3 |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Consumer Drug Information |
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Routes of administration | By mouth, topical |
Drug class | Vitamin |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C6H6N2O |
Molar mass | 122.127 g·mol−1 |
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Density | 1.40 g/cm3[1] g/cm3 |
Melting point | 129.5 °C (265.1 °F) |
Boiling point | 334 °C (633 °F) |
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Side effects are minimal.[5][6] At high doses liver problems may occur.[5] Normal amounts are safe for use during pregnancy.[7] Nicotinamide is in the vitamin B family of medications, specifically the vitamin B3 complex.[8][9] It is an amide of nicotinic acid.[5] Foods that contain nicotinamide include yeast, meat, milk, and green vegetables.[10]
Nicotinamide was discovered between 1935 and 1937.[11][12] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[13] Nicotinamide is available as a generic medication and over the counter.[8] In the United Kingdom a 60 g tube costs the NHS about £7.10.[4] Commercially, nicotinamide is made from either nicotinic acid or nicotinonitrile.[12][14] In a number of countries grains have nicotinamide added to them.[12]