User:Mr. Ibrahem/Nivolumab
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nivolumab, sold under the brand name Opdivo, is a medication used to treat a number of types of cancer.[3] This includes melanoma, lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, head and neck cancer, colon cancer, and liver cancer.[3] It is used by slow injection into a vein.[3]
Monoclonal antibody | |
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Type | Whole antibody |
Source | Human |
Target | PD-1 |
Clinical data | |
Trade names | Opdivo |
Other names | ONO-4538, BMS-936558, MDX1106 |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a614056 |
License data | |
Pregnancy category |
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Routes of administration | Intravenous (IV) |
Drug class | Immunotherapy[2] |
Legal status | |
Legal status |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C6362H9862N1712O1995S42 |
Molar mass | 143599.39 g·mol−1 |
Common side effects include tiredness, rash, liver problems, muscles pains, and cough.[3] Severe side effects may include immune-related lung, intestinal, liver, kidney, skin, or endocrine problems.[3] Use during pregnancy may harm the baby and use when breastfeeding is not recommended.[3][1] Nivolumab is a human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that blocks PD-1.[3] It is a type of Immunotherapy and works as a checkpoint inhibitor, blocking a signal that prevents activation of T cells from attacking the cancer.[3][2]
Nivolumab was approved for medical use in the United States in 2014.[3][4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[5] In the United Kingdom it costs the NHS about £5266 a month as of 2018.[6] In the United States this amount costs about US$13,556 as of 2019,[7] while in China it is about US$7,000.[8] It is made using Chinese hamster ovary cells.[9]