User:Patrick Welsh/sandbox 2
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A great deal of irony is, and is intended to be, what Booth terms "stable irony", which he identifies by four marks: it is intended to be understood, it is covert (rather than overtly presented as an instance of irony), the intended meaning is fixed, and its meaning is limited to the context of utterance.[1][example needed]
This usage has its origins in the 19th-century writings of Friedrich Schlegel and Søren Kierkegaard.[2][3]
In the 20th century it is also an important concept for such diverse theorists as Paul de Man and Richard Rorty.[3]