Alushta

Alushta (Ukrainian and Russian: Алушта; Crimean Tatar: Aluşta; Greek: Ἄλουστον, romanized: Álouston) is a city of regional significance on the southern coast of the Crimean peninsula which is within the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a region internationally recognised as territory of Ukraine, but occupied by the Russian Federation and incorporated as the Republic of Crimea. It is located along the Black Sea coast on the road from Gurzuf to Sudak, as well as on the Crimean Trolleybus line. Population: 29,078 (2014 Census).^[1]

Alushta Алушта Aluşta
City
Flag Coat of arms
Alushta Location of Alushta within Crimea Show map of Crimea Alushta Alushta (Ukraine) Show map of Ukraine
Coordinates: 44°40′2″N 34°23′52″E
Country	Ukraine (occupied by Russia)
Autonomous republic	Crimea
Municipality	Alushta Municipality
Area
• Total	6.983 km2 (2.696 sq mi)
Elevation	50 m (160 ft)
Population  (2014)
• Total	29,078
• Density	4,200/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+2 (MSK)
Postal code	298500 — 298519 (Russia)
Area code	+7-36560
Former name	Aluston ('till the 15th century)
Climate	Cfa
Website	alushta.rk.gov.ru

The area is notable for its arid, rocky terrain due to its proximity to the Crimean mountains. During Byzantine times, the town was called Alouston (Ἄλουστον) meaning "Unwashed".^[2] Vestiges survive of a Byzantine defensive tower from a fortress from which the town's name was derived, as well as a 15th-century Genoese fortress. During Genoese rule, the name was modified to Lusta. Adam Mickiewicz dedicated two of his Crimean Sonnets to Alushta.

History

In 1910, 544 Jews lived in Alushta, comprising 13% of the town's population. By 1939, they made up only 2.3% of the town's overall population, numbering 251 individuals. On 4 November 1941, the Germans occupied the town. On 24 November 1941, a unit of Sonderkommando 10b murdered 30 Jews by shooting along with captured communists and partisans. In early December 1941, about 250 Jews from Alushta were shot to death by Sonderkommando 11b in the park of Trade Union Sanatorium No. 7, which is today part of the local center for children and creativity.^[3]

Geography

Climate

Alushta has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfa) that closely borders on a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa).

Climate data for Alushta (1981–2010)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	6.8 (44.2)	6.7 (44.1)	9.2 (48.6)	13.9 (57.0)	19.6 (67.3)	24.6 (76.3)	28.0 (82.4)	27.9 (82.2)	23.3 (73.9)	17.7 (63.9)	12.2 (54.0)	8.4 (47.1)	16.5 (61.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)	3.6 (38.5)	3.1 (37.6)	5.4 (41.7)	10.1 (50.2)	15.3 (59.5)	20.2 (68.4)	23.4 (74.1)	23.4 (74.1)	18.5 (65.3)	13.2 (55.8)	8.2 (46.8)	5.0 (41.0)	12.5 (54.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	0.8 (33.4)	0.1 (32.2)	2.2 (36.0)	6.7 (44.1)	11.3 (52.3)	15.9 (60.6)	19.0 (66.2)	18.5 (65.3)	14.0 (57.2)	9.3 (48.7)	4.8 (40.6)	2.1 (35.8)	8.7 (47.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	46.9 (1.85)	42.5 (1.67)	37.9 (1.49)	29.5 (1.16)	24.3 (0.96)	39.4 (1.55)	32.4 (1.28)	41.4 (1.63)	34.2 (1.35)	38.0 (1.50)	44.4 (1.75)	52.6 (2.07)	463.5 (18.25)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	8.0	7.1	6.8	5.6	5.7	5.7	4.1	4.3	4.2	4.9	7.0	8.2	71.6
Average relative humidity (%)	78.7	77.5	77.1	77.1	74.7	71.3	65.5	64.7	70.0	75.6	78.9	78.5	74.1
Source: NCEI[4]

Demographics

Ethnic composition according to the Ukrainian national census in 2001:

Ethnic groups in Alushta percent Russians   57.09% Ukrainians   32.96% Crimean Tatars   5.90% Belarusians   1.42% Armenians   0.43% Moldovans   0.20% Azerbaijanis   0.20% Tatars   0.18% Poles   0.16% Ashkenazi Jews   0.14%

^[5]

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Ukraine

Twin towns — Sister cities

Alushta is twinned with:

• Santa Cruz, United States
• Dzierżoniów, Poland
• Äänekoski, Central Finland
• Jūrmala, Latvia^[6]

Notable people

• Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky (1864–1913), Ukrainian author
• Sabri Ülker (1920–2012), Turkish businessman and founder of Ülker
• Rustem Umerov (born 1982), Ukrainian politician and current Minister of Defense
• Oleksandr Nedovyesov (born 1987), Ukrainian-Kazakhstani tennis player

Gallery

• 
  15th century Genoese tower in Alushta
• 
  Villa "Otrada" (Stakheev's dacha)
• 
  Downtown Alushta
• 
  Park Alushti
• 
  Park Alushti
• 
  Alushta Beach
• 
  In Alushta. Season-2014
• 
  Alushta winery
• 
  St. Theodore Church
• 
  Main square
• 
  Panorama of Alushta in the 1850s, by Carlo Bossoli
• 
  Quay
• 
  Remains of Aluston fortress
• 
  Alushta Beach. July 2014
• 
  Quay. 2014
• 
  On the way. 2015
• 
  Cinema "Storm"
• 
  Memorial sign in honor of the Crimean partisans in Alushta
• 
  Alushta City Council building
• 
  one of the symbols of Alushta
• 
  Aluston fortress (IV-VI centuries). In exchange. Crimea. June
• 
  Soviet war monument in Alushta
• 
  Kenesa in Alushta
• 
  Kenesa in Alushta

Panorama of the city