Propanethiol

Propanethiol is an organic compound with the molecular formula C₃H₈S. It belongs to the group of thiols. It is a colorless liquid with a strong, offensive odor. It is moderately toxic and is less dense than water and slightly soluble in water. It is used as a feedstock for insecticides.^[5] It is highly flammable and it gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Heating it will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting.^[6][7]

Propanethiol^[1]

Names
Preferred IUPAC name Propane-1-thiol
Other names n-Propylthiol 1-Propanethiol Propan-1-thiol Propyl mercaptan Mercaptan C3
Identifiers
CAS Number	107-03-9
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:8473[2]
ChemSpider	7560[3]
ECHA InfoCard	100.003.142
PubChem CID	7848
UNII	4AB0N08V2H Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5026750
SMILES CCCS
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H8S
Molar mass	76.16 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor	cabbage-like[4]
Density	0.84 g/mL
Melting point	−113 °C (−171 °F; 160 K)
Boiling point	67 to 68 °C (153 to 154 °F; 340 to 341 K)
Solubility in water	Slight[4]
Vapor pressure	155 mmHg[4]
Acidity (pKa)	~10.5[citation needed]
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−58.5·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
Flash point	−21 °C; −5 °F; 253 K[4]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	none[4]
REL (Recommended)	C 0.5 ppm (1.6 mg/m3) [15-minute][4]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	N.D.[4]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Chemistry

Propanethiol is chemically classified among the thiols, which are organic compounds with molecular formulas and structural formulas similar to alcohols, except that sulfur-containing sulfhydryl group (-SH) replaces the oxygen-containing hydroxyl group in the molecule. Propanethiol's basic molecular formula is C₃H₇SH, and its structural formula is similar to that of the alcohol n-propanol.

Propanethiol is manufactured commercially by the reaction of propene with hydrogen sulfide with ultraviolet light initiation in an anti-Markovnikov addition.^[8] It can also be prepared by the reaction of sodium hydrosulfide with 1-chloropropane.

See also

• Isopropyl mercaptan (2-propanethiol)