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120×570mm NATO

Calibre of tank ammunition From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

120×570mm NATO
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120×570mm NATO tank ammunition (4.7 inch), also known as 120×570mmR, is a common, NATO-standard (STANAG 4385), tank gun semi-combustible cartridge used by 120mm smoothbore guns, superseding the earlier 105×617mmR cartridge used in NATO-standard rifled tank guns.

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History

The 120×570 R cartridge was originally intended for the German Rh-120 smoothbore gun but an interoperability agreement signed between West Germany and France in April 1979, followed in September 1981 by a project to install the M256 120 mm smoothbore gun on future M1A1 Abrams tanks made it a NATO standard.[1][2]

Characteristics

The 120×570mm are one-piece ammunition with semi-combustible cartridge cases. These incorporate a short, metallic stub case with an elastomeric sealing ring which allows the use of a normal sliding wedge type of breech and at the same time significantly reduces the weight of the rounds. Thus, a round of 120 mm Rheinmetall APFSDS ammunition has a mass of 19.8 kg, which is little more than the 18 kg mass of a typical 105 mm APFSDS round with the traditional metallic cartridge case.[3]

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Ammunition

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Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot (APFSDS)

There are different ways to measure APFSDS penetration value. NATO uses the 50% (This means that 50% of the shell had to go through the plate), while the Soviet/Russian standard is higher (80% had to go through).

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High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT)

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High Explosive (HE)

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Close Combat

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Guided munition

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Target Practice Tracer (TP-T)

Notes on notation:

  • Table includes information on ballistically-matched combat ammunition for each practice round if possible.
  • TP-T stands for target practice, tracer. Some nations add a parenthetical to indicate the class of ammunition being emulated, e.g. TP-T (HEAT).
  • TPCSDS-T stands for target practice, cone stabilized, discarding sabot, with tracer. It is commonly used to match the ballistics of an APFSDS round.
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Weapon platforms

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See also

Notes

  1. According to the markings (v0 1780) written on the cartridge of an OFL 120 G1 displayed at the Saumur Armored Museum.
  2. When the round reaches the end of the barrel, the muzzle velocity is 1,794.7 m/s.

References

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