1540s - Wikiwand

The 1540s decade ran from 1 January 1540, to 31 December 1549.

1540

January–March

January 6 – King Henry VIII marries Anne of Cleves, his fourth Queen consort; the marriage lasts six months.^[1]
February 14 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, enters Ghent without resistance, and executes rebels, ending the Revolt of Ghent (1539–1540).
March 23 – Waltham Abbey is the last to be closed as part of Henry VIII of England's dissolution of the monasteries.

April–June

April 3– Estêvão da Gama becomes the new Governor of Portuguese India.
April 7– The English cathedral priories of Canterbury and Rochester are transformed into secular cathedral chapters on Easter Sunday, concluding the Dissolution of the Monasteries.^[2]
April 12– Printing of the first translation of the New Testament into the Icelandic language is completed after King Christian III of Denmark finishes having Oddur Gottskálksson's text compared to the original Latin.^[3]
May 17 – Battle of Kannauj: Sher Shah Suri defeats and deposes Mughal Emperor Humayan, establishing the Sur Empire.
June 10 – Thomas Cromwell, Chief Minister for King Henry VIII, is arrested at meeting of the Privy Council of England at Westminster and charged with treason. Cromwell is removed from his positions as Chancellor of the Exchequer, Lord Privy Seal, Lord Great Chamberlain and Governor of the Isle of Wight, and will be executed on July 28.

July–September

July 7 – Spanish conquistador Francisco Vázquez de Coronado captures Hawikuh in modern-day New Mexico, at this time known as part of Cíbola, but fails to find the legendary gold.
July 9 – King Henry VIII of England's marriage to Anne of Cleves, his fourth Queen consort, is annulled.^[4]
July 28 – Thomas Cromwell, is executed for treason on the orders of king Henry VIII of England. Henry marries his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, on the same day.^[4]
August 15 – In Peru, Spanish captain Garcí Manuel de Carbajal founds the Villa Hermosa de Arequipa; one year later, Charles V of Germany and I of Spain will give the valley a status of 'city' by royal decree.
September 3 – Gelawdewos succeeds his father Lebna Dengel as Emperor of Ethiopia.
September 10 – Gibraltar is sacked by the fleet of Barbary pirate Ali Hamet, a Sardinian renegade in the service of the Ottoman Empire, and many of its leading citizens are taken as captives to Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera in Morocco.^[5]^[6] This leads to construction of the defensive Charles V Wall, at this time known as the Muralla de San Benito.
September 27 – The Society of Jesus (Jesuits) is approved by Pope Paul III, in his bull Regimini militantis Ecclesiae.

October–December

October 1 – Battle of Alborán: A Habsburg Spanish fleet, under the command of Bernardino de Mendoza, destroys an Ottoman fleet commanded by Ali Hamet off Alborán Island in the Mediterranean.
October 18 – An expedition led by Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto destroys the fortified village of Mabila in modern-day Alabama, killing paramount chief Tuskaloosa.
November 8 – William Whorwood becomes the new Attorney General for England and Wales, succeeding Sir John Baker
December 16 – Honoré I, Lord of Monaco reaches the age of 19 and after the future principality of Monaco had been administered by regents for more than 18 years.
December 20 – Stephen V, Prince of Moldavia, is assassinated by two of the Moldavian nobles (boyars), Mihul and Trotsanul, after word arrives that he will be replaced by Petru IV Rareş, who had paid a bribe to the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman in order to be appointed the new Prince. Alexandru Cornea is crowned temporarily as Prince Alexandru III.^[7]
December 31 – Estêvão da Gama, Governor of Portuguese India, departs from Goa with a plan to sail into the Red Sea, and destroy the Ottoman Empire's access to the Indian Ocean by plundering Suez. The planned attack fails.

Date unknown

Europe is hit by a heat wave and drought lasting for about seven months. Rivers such as the Rhine and Seine dry up, and many people die from dysentery and other illnesses, caused by lack of safe drinking water.^[8]
Georg Joachim Rheticus publishes De libris revolutionum Copernici narratio prima in Danzig, an abstract of Copernicus' as yet unpublished De revolutionibus orbium coelestium, and the first printed publication of Copernican heliocentrism.
Martin Luther expels theologian Caspar Schwenckfeld from Silesia.
approximate date – The musket is introduced into Japan from Europe.

Births

1540

January 18 – Catarina of Portugal, Duchess of Braganza, claimant to the Portuguese throne in 1580 (d. 1614)
January 25 – Edmund Campion, English Jesuit and Roman Catholic martyr (d. 1581)^[246]
January 28 – Ludolph van Ceulen, German mathematician (d. 1610)
February 12 – Won Gyun, Korean general and admiral during the Joseon Dynasty (d. 1597)
February 23 – Hedwig of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (d. 1602)
February 25 – Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Northampton, English aristocrat and courtier (d. 1614)
March 1 – Enrique de Guzmán, 2nd Count of Olivares, Spanish noble (d. 1607)
March 17 – Bernhard VII, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst, German prince of the House of Ascania (d. 1570)
April 3 – Maria de' Medici, Italian noble (d. 1557)
April 8 – Toyotomi Hidenaga, Japanese warlord (d. 1591)
May 9 – Maharana Pratap, Indian warrior king (d. 1597)
May 14
- Paolo Paruta, Italian historian (d. 1598)
- Bartholomäus Scultetus, German mayor of Görlitz, astronomer (d. 1614)
May 22 – James, Duke of Rothesay, Scottish prince (d. 1541)
May 31 – Henry Cheyne, 1st Baron Cheyne, English politician and baron (d. 1587)
June 3 – Charles II, Archduke of Austria, regent of Inner Austria (d. 1590)
June 9 – Shima Sakon, Japanese samurai (d. 1600)
June 11 – Barnabe Googe, English poet (d. 1594)
June 29 – Ana de Mendoza, Princess of Eboli, Spanish countess (d. 1592)
June 30 – Countess Palatine Elisabeth of Simmern-Sponheim, Duchess of Saxony (d. 1594)
July 7 – John Sigismund Zápolya, King of Hungary (d. 1571)
July 11 – Adolf of Nassau, Count of Nassau, Dutch soldier (d. 1568)
July 16 – Alfonso Carafa, Italian cardinal (d. 1565)
July 19 – Ludowika Margaretha of Zweibrücken-Bitsch, spouse of Count Philip V of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1569)
August 4 – Sisto Fabri, Italian theologian (d. 1594)
August 5 – Joseph Justus Scaliger, French Protestant scholar (d. 1609)
August 25 – Lady Catherine Grey, English noblewoman, potential successor to the throne (d. 1568)
September 5 – Magnus, Duke of Holstein, Prince of Denmark (d. 1583)
September 9 – John VII, Count of Oldenburg (d. 1603)
October 1 – Johann Jakob Grynaeus, Swiss Protestant clergyman (d. 1617)
November 12 – Anna of Veldenz, Margrave of Baden (d. 1586)
November 16 – Princess Cecilia of Sweden (d. 1627)
December 8 – Giovanni Vincenzo Gonzaga, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1591)
December 21 – Thomas Schweicker, German artist (d. 1602)
December 28 – Charles I, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1610)
December 31 – Silvio Antoniano, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1603)
date unknown
- Andrea Andreani, Italian wood engraver (d. 1623)
- Inés de Hinojosa, Venezuelan hacendada (d. 1571)
- Francis Drake, English sea captain, privateer, navigator, slaver, pirate and politician (d. 1596)
- Christopher Hatton, English politician (d. 1591)
- George Hastings, 4th Earl of Huntingdon, English nobleman (d. 1604)
- Pierre Jeannin, French statesman (d. 1622)
- François Viète, French mathematician (d. 1603)
- Amago Yoshihisa, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1610)
probable
- William Byrd, English composer (d. 1623)
- Bernardino de Mendoza, Spanish military commander (d. 1604)
- Paschal Baylon, Spanish friar (d. 1592)

1541

January 24 – Magdalena Moons, Dutch woman associated with the 1574 Siege of Leiden (d. 1613)^[247]
January 26 – Florent Chrestien, French writer (d. 1596)^[248]
February 21 – Philipp V, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1599)^[249]
March 25 – Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1587)^[250]
April 8 – Michele Mercati, Italian physician and gardener (d. 1593)^[251]
April 12 – Ipatii Potii, Metropolitan of Kiev (d. 1613)^[252]
September 7
- Luigi Groto, Italian lutenist and poet (d. 1588)^[253]
- Hernando de Cabezón, Spanish musician (d. 1602)^[254]
September 5 – Roberto de' Nobili, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1559^[255]
September 21 – Anna of Nassau-Dillenburg, Countess consort of Nassau-Weilburg (d. 1616)^[256]
November 9 – Menso Alting, Dutch preacher and reformer (d. 1612)^[257]
November 25 – Michele Bonelli, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1598)^[258]
February 12 – Johann Bauhin, Swiss botanist (d. 1613)^[259]
date unknown
- Pierre Charron, French philosopher (d. 1603)^[260]
- El Greco, or Domênikos Theotokópoulos (Greek: Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος), Cretian painter, sculptor and architect (d. 1614)^[261]
- Hatano Hideharu, Japanese samurai (d. 1579)
- Mizuno Tadashige, Japanese nobleman (d. 1600)^[262]^{[unreliable source?]}
- Guðbrandur Þorláksson, Icelandic mathematician (d. 1627)^[263]
- Hattori Hanzō, Japanese ninja who served under Tokugawa Ieyasu (d. 1596)^[264]

1542

February 1 – John Scudamore, English politician (d. 1623)^[265]
February 22 – Santino Garsi da Parma, Italian musician (d. 1604)^[266]
March 19 – Jan Zamoyski, Polish nobleman (d. 1605)^[267]
April 29 – Henry III, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels (d. 1587)^[268]
May 5 – Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter, English politician (d. 1623)^[269]
May 11 – Jakob Christoph Blarer von Wartensee, Swiss Catholic bishop (d. 1608)^[270]
May 16 – Anna Sibylle of Hanau-Lichtenberg, German noblewoman, daughter of Count Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1580)^[271]
June 15 – Richard Grenville, English politician (d. 1591)^[272]
June 24 – John of the Cross, Spanish Carmelite mystic, theologian, poet (d. 1591)^[273]
July 25 – Magnus, Duke of Östergötland, Swedish prince (d. 1595)^[274]
Between August 18 and August 28 – Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland (d. 1601)^[275]
August 27 – John Frederick, Duke of Pomerania and Protestant Bishop of Cammin (d. 1600)^[276]
August 31 – Isabella de' Medici, Italian princess (d. 1576)^[277]
September 25 – Elisabeth of Nassau-Dillenburg, sister of William the Silent (d. 1603)^[278]
October 1 – Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira, Spanish explorer (d. 1595)
October 4 – Robert Bellarmine, Italian saint (d. 1621)^[279]
October 14 – Philip IV, Count of Nassau-Weilburg (d. 1602)^[280]
October 15 – Akbar, Mughal Emperor (d. 1605)^[281]
October 31 – Henriette of Cleves, Duchess of Nevers, Countess of Rethel (d. 1601)^[282]
November 1 – Tarquinia Molza, Italian singer (d. 1617)^[283]
November 9 – Anders Sørensen Vedel, Danish historian (d. 1616)^[284]
November 11 – Scipione Gonzaga, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1593)^[285]
December 8 – Mary, Queen of Scots (d. 1587)^[286]
December 21 – Thomas Allen, English mathematician and astrologer, some suggest 1540 (d. 1632)^[287]
date unknown
- Joris Hoefnagel, Dutch painter and engraver (d. 1601)^[288]
- Toda Kazuaki, Japanese samurai in the service of Tokugawa Ieyasu (d. 1604)^[289]
- Douglas Sheffield, Baroness Sheffield, lover of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester (d. 1608)^[290]
- Horio Yoshiharu, Japanese daimyō (d. 1611)
- Kuki Yoshitaka, Japanese naval commander (d. 1600)^[291]

1543

January 18 (baptized) – Alfonso Ferrabosco, Italian composer (d. 1588)
January 31 – Tokugawa Ieyasu, Japanese shōgun (d. 1616)
February 4 – Johannes Heurnius, Dutch physician (d. 1601)
February 4 – Giovanni Francesco Fara, Italian writer (d. 1591)
February 16 – Kanō Eitoku, Japanese painter (d. 1590)^[292]
February 18 – Charles III, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1608)
February 25 – Sharaf Khan Bidlisi, Emir of Bitlis (d. 1603)
March 7 – John Casimir of the Palatinate-Simmern, German prince and reigning count palatine of Simmern (d. 1592)
April 1 – François de Bonne, Duke of Lesdiguières, Constable of France (d. 1626)
April 11 – George John I, Count Palatine of Veldenz (d. 1592)
May 2 – Jan Moretus, Belgian printer (d. 1610)
June 8 – Petrus Albinus, German historian, local history researcher and poet (d. 1598)
June 29 – Christine of Hesse, duchess consort of Holstein-Gottorp (1465-1486) (d. 1604)
July 20 – Nils Svantesson Sture, Swedish diplomat (d. 1567)
August 3 – Nicasius de Sille, Dutch diplomat (d. 1600)
August 21 – Giovanni Bembo, Doge of Venice (d. 1618)
September 14 – Claudio Acquaviva, Italian Jesuit (d. 1615)
October 21 – Michael Hicks, English politician (d. 1612)
November 2 – Kasper Franck, German theologian (d. 1584)
November 8 – Lettice Knollys, English noblewoman (d. 1634)^[293]
December 3 – Alessandro Riario, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1585)
December 29 – Catherine of Nassau-Dillenburg, daughter of William I (d. 1624)
date unknown
- Nicolas de Neufville, seigneur de Villeroy, 2nd Prime Minister of France (d. 1617)
- Thomas Deloney, English novelist and balladeer (d. 1600)
- Domenico Fontana, Italian architect (d. 1607)
- Sonam Gyatso, 3rd Dalai Lama, first Dalai Lama (d. 1588)
- François Pithou, French lawyer and author (d. 1621)
- Hayyim ben Joseph Vital, Syrian Jewish rabbi and mystic (d. 1620)
- Chen Lin, Ming Dynasty general (d. 1607)
probable
- Giovanni Maria Nanino, Italian composer (d. 1607)
- Federico Zuccari, Italian painter (d. 1609)

1544

January 19 – King Francis II of France (d. 1560)^[294]
January 24 – Gillis van Coninxloo, Flemish painter (d. 1607)^[295]^[296]
February 3 – César de Bus, French Catholic priest (d. 1607)^[297]
March 11 – Torquato Tasso, Italian poet (d. 1595)^[298]
April – Thomas Fleming, English judge (d. 1613)^[299]
April 20 – Renata of Lorraine, duchess consort of Bavaria (d. 1602)^[300]
May 24 – William Gilbert, English scientist and astronomer (d. 1603)^[301]
July 14 – Henry Compton, 1st Baron Compton, English politician (d. 1589)^[302]
August 9 – Bogislaw XIII, Duke of Pomerania (d. 1606)^[303]
September 1 – John Gordon, Scottish bishop (d. 1619)^[304]
September 28 or September 29 – Giovanni de' Medici, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1562)^[305]
November 1 – Hasan Kafi Pruščak, Bosnian scholar and judge (d. 1615)^[306]
November 15 – Dorothea Susanne of Simmern, Duchess of Saxe-Weimar (d. 1592)^[307]
December 23 – Anna of Saxony, only child and heiress of Maurice, Elector of Saxony (d. 1577)^[308]
date unknown
- Richard Bancroft, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1610)^[309]
- Thomas Hobson, English carrier and origin of the phrase Hobson's choice (d. 1631)^[310]
- Maddalena Casulana, Italian composer, lutenist and singer (d. 1590)^[311]
probable
- George Whetstone, English writer (d. 1587)^[312]

1545

January 1 – Magnus Heinason, Faroese naval hero (d. 1589)
January 11 – Guidobaldo del Monte, Italian mathematician, astronomer and philosopher (d. 1607)
March – Gaspare Tagliacozzi, Italian surgeon and anatomist (d. 1599)
March 2 – Thomas Bodley, English diplomat and scholar, founder of the Bodleian Library, Oxford (d. 1613)
March 18 – Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn, German bishop (d. 1617)
March 25 – John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderburg (d. 1622)
April 1 – Peder Claussøn Friis, Norwegian clergyman and author (d. 1614)
April 2 – Elisabeth of Valois, queen of Philip II of Spain (d. 1568)^[313]
April 15 – Karl II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels, Duke of Oels (1565–1617), Duke of Bernstadt (1604–1617) (d. 1617)
April 24 – Henry Wriothesley, 2nd Earl of Southampton, English earl (d. 1581)
April 28 – Yi Sun-sin, Korean naval commander (d. 1598)
May 1 – Franciscus Junius, French theologian (d. 1602)
May 22 – Karl Christoph, Duke of Münsterberg (d. 1569)
June 6 – Jerome Gratian, Spanish Carmelite and writer (d. 1614)
June 13 – Naitō Nobunari, Japanese samurai and daimyō of Omi Province (d. 1612)
June 19 – Princess Anna Maria of Sweden, Swedish royal (d. 1610)
July 8 – Don Carlos of Spain, son of Philip II of Spain (d. 1568)
August 1 – Andrew Melville, Scottish theologian and religious reformer (d. 1622)
August 27 – Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma (d. 1592)
September 7 – Eitel Friedrich IV, Count of Hohenzollern, First Count of Hohenzollern-Hechingen (d. 1605)
September 20 – Yamanaka Yukimori, Japanese samurai (d. 1578)
October 15 – Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst, Abbess of Gernrode and Frose, later Countess of Barby-Mühlingen (d. 1574)
October 19 – John Juvenal Ancina, Italian oratorian and bishop (d. 1604)
November 20 – Ernst Ludwig, Duke of Pomerania (d. 1592)
November 25 – Ana de Jesús, Spanish Discalced Carmelite nun and spiritual writer (d. 1621)
December 6 – Janus Dousa, Dutch historian and noble (d. 1604)
December 7 – Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, consort of Mary, Queen of Scots (d. 1567)^[314]
date unknown
- George Bannatyne, collector of Scottish poems (d. 1608)
- John Field, British Puritan clergyman and controversialist (d. 1588)
- John Gerard, English botanist (d. 1612)
- Ismihan Sultan, Ottoman princess, daughter of Selim II and wife of Sokollu Mehmed Pasha (d. 1585)
- William Morgan, Welsh Bible translator (d. 1604)
- Azai Nagamasa, Japanese nobleman (d. 1573)
- Mashita Nagamori, Japanese warlord (d. 1615)
probable – Nicholas Breton, English poet and novelist (d. 1626)

1546

January 27 – Joachim Friedrich, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1608)
February 1 – Mogami Yoshiaki, Japanese daimyō of the Yamagata domain (d. 1614)
February 4 – Jakob Monau, Polish writer and linguist (d. 1603)
February 14 – Johann Pistorius, German historian (d. 1608)
March 16 – Francesco Barbaro, Italian diplomat (d. 1616)
March 21 – Bartholomeus Spranger, Flemish painter (d. 1611)
March 25 – Giacomo Castelvetro, Italian writer (d. 1616)
March 27 – Johannes Piscator, German theologian (d. 1625)
March 29 – Anne d'Escars de Givry, French Catholic cardinal (d. 1612)
April 1 – Nanbu Nobunao, Japanese daimyō (d. 1599)
April 20 – Bernardo de Sandoval y Rojas, Spanish Catholic cardinal (d. 1618)
June 13 – Tobias Matthew, English Archbishop of York (d. 1628)
June 14 – Wolfgang, Count of Hohenlohe-Weikersheim, German count (d. 1610)
June 24 – Robert Parsons, English Jesuit priest (d. 1610)
June 29 – Dorothea of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1561-1592) (d. 1617)
July 4 – Murat III, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1595)^[315]
August 10 – Juliana of Nassau-Dillenburg, Dutch prince (d. 1588)
August 13 – Jan Opaliński, Polish nobleman and Castellan of Rogozin (d. 1598)
August 31 – Daniel Adam z Veleslavína, Czech lexicographer (d. 1599)
September 6 – Pedro Álvarez de Toledo, 5th Marquis of Villafranca, Spanish noble and politician (d. 1627)
September 11 – Arild Huitfeldt, Danish historian (d. 1609)
September 13 – Isabella Bendidio, Italian singer and noble in Renaissance court of Ferrara (d. 1610)
October 5 – Rudolph Snellius, Dutch linguist and mathematician (d. 1613)
November 11 – Richard Madox, English explorer (d. 1583)
December 14 – Tycho Brahe, Danish astronomer (d. 1601)^[316]
date unknown
- Luca Bati, Italian Baroque composer (d. 1608)
- Thomas Digges, English astronomer (d. 1595)^[317]
- Veronica Franco, Venetian poet and courtesan (died 1591)^[318]
- Takeda Katsuyori, Japanese nobleman (d. 1582)
- Mikołaj VII Radziwiłł, Polish magnate (d. 1565)
probable – Lodewijk Elzevir, Dutch printer (d. 1617)

1547

January 15 – Duchess Hedwig of Württemberg, by marriage countess of Hesse-Marburg (d. 1590)^[319]
January 20 – Laurence Bruce, Scottish politician (d. 1617)
January 24 – Joanna of Austria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Austrian Archduchess (d. 1578)^[320]
February 8 – Girolamo Mattei, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1603)^[321]
February 18 – Bahāʾ al-dīn al-ʿĀmilī, Syrian Arab co-founder of the Isfahan School of Islamic Philosophy (d. 1621)^[322]^[323]
February 24 – Don John of Austria, military leader (d. 1578)^[324]
March 1 – Rudolph Goclenius, German philosopher (d. 1628)^[325]
March 26 – Bernardino Bertolotti, Italian instrumentalist and composer (d. 1609)^[326]
April 8 – Lucrezia Bendidio, noblewoman and singer in Renaissance Ferrara (d. 1584)^[327]
May 15 – Magnus Pegel, German mathematician (d. 1619)
May 19 – Gustaf Banér, Swedish nobleman and member of the Privy Council of Sweden (d. 1600)^[328]^[329]
June 28 – Cristofano Malvezzi, Italian organist and composer (d. 1599)^[330]
July 5 – Garzia de' Medici, Italian noble (d. 1562)^[331]
August 10 – Francis II, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (d. 1619)^[332]
September 10 – George I, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. 1596)^[333]
September 14 – Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, Dutch statesman (d. 1619)^[334]
September 20 – Faizi, Indo-Persian poet and scholar (d. 1595)
September 22 – Philipp Nicodemus Frischlin, German philologist and poet (d. 1590)^[335]
September 29 – Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish fiction writer (d. 1616)^[336]
October 2 – Philipp Ludwig, Count Palatine of Neuburg (1569–1614) and Count Palatine of Sulzbach (1604–1614) (d. 1614)^[337]
October 18 – Justus Lipsius, Flemish humanist (d. 1606)^[338]
October 29 – Princess Sophia of Sweden, Swedish princess (d. 1611)^[339]
November 7 – Rudolf Hospinian, Swiss writer (d. 1626)^[340]
November 10
- Martin Moller, German poet and mystic (d. 1606)^[341]
- Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg, Archbishop of Cologne (d. 1601)^[342]
November 12 – Claude of Valois, daughter of King Henry II of France (d. 1575)^[343]
November 26 – Nicolaus Taurellus, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1606)^[344]
December 5 – Ubbo Emmius, Dutch historian and geographer (d. 1625)^[345]
December 15 – Magdalena of Nassau-Dillenburg, German noblewoman (d. 1633)^[346]
date unknown
- Matteo Perez d'Aleccio, Italian painter (d. 1616)^[347]
- Mateo Alemán, Spanish novelist and man of letters (d. 1609)^[348]
- Peter Bales, English calligrapher (d. 1610)^[349]
- Louis Carrion, Flemish humanist and classical scholar (d. 1595)^[350]
- Oichi, Japanese noblewoman (d. 1583)^[351]
- Krzysztof Mikołaj "the Thunderbolt" Radziwiłł, Polish nobleman (d. 1603)^[352]
- Richard Stanihurst, English translator of Virgil (d. 1618)^[353]
- Roemer Visscher, Dutch writer (d. 1620)^[354]
- Stanisław Żółkiewski, Polish nobleman (d. 1620)^[355]

1548

January 5 – Francisco Suárez, Spanish priest, philosopher, theologian and saint (d. 1617)^[356]
February 6 – Francesco Panigarola, Italian bishop (d. 1594)^[357]
March 13 – Sasbout Vosmeer, Dutch Apostolic Vicar (d. 1614)^[358]
March 17 – Honda Tadakatsu, Japanese general (d. 1610)
March 18 – Cornelis Ketel, Dutch painter (d. 1616)^[359]
April 15 – Pietro Cataldi, Italian mathematician (d. 1626)^[360]
May – Carel van Mander, Dutch painter and poet (d. 1606)^[361]
May 8 – Giacomo Boncompagni, illegitimate son of Pope Gregory XIII (d. 1612)^[362]
May 10 – Antonio Priuli, Doge of Venice (d. 1623)^[363]^[364]
July 8 – Kim Jang-saeng, Korean scholar and writer (d. 1631)^[365]
July 15 – George III, Count of Erbach-Breuberg (1564–1605) (d. 1605)^[366]
August 26 – Bernardino Poccetti, Italian painter (d. 1612)^[367]
September 2 – Vincenzo Scamozzi, Italian architect (d. 1616)^[368]
September 7 – Filippo Boncompagni, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1586)^[369]
September 29 – William V, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1626)^[370]
October 4 – Matsumae Yoshihiro, Japanese daimyō of Ezochi (Hokkaidō) (d. 1616)
November 27 – Jacopo Mazzoni, Italian philosopher (d. 1598)^[371]
December 30 – David Pareus, German theologian (d. 1622)^[372]
approx. date – Ma Shouzhen, Chinese Gējì, painter, playwright and poet (d. 1604)^[373]
date unknown
- Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher, astronomer, and occultist (d. 1600)^[374]
- Oda Nagamasu, Japanese nobleman (d. 1622)
- Luis Barahona de Soto, Spanish poet (d. 1595)^[375]
- William Stanley, English soldier (d. 1630)^[376]
- Saitō Tatsuoki, Japanese daimyō (d. 1573)^[377]
- Sidonia von Borcke, German noble and alleged witch (d. 1620)^[378]
- Tomás Luis de Victoria, Spanish composer (d. 1611)^[379]
- Fernando Ruiz de Castro Andrade y Portugal, Grandee of Spain (d. 1601)^[380]
probable
- Francesco Andreini, Italian actor (d. 1624)^[381]
- Francesco Soriano, Italian composer (d. 1621)^[382]
- Mariangiola Criscuolo, Italian painter (d. 1630)^[383]
- Simon Stevin, Flemish mathematician and engineer (d. 1620)^[384]

1549

January 26 – Jakob Ebert, German theologian (d. 1614)
January 26 – Francesco Bassano the Younger, Italian painter (d. 1592)
February 3 – Louis of Valois, French prince (d. 1550)
February 4 – Eustache Du Caurroy, French composer (d. 1609)
February 15 – Barnim X, Duke of Pomerania (1569–1603) (d. 1603)
February 20 – Francesco Maria II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino, last Duke of Urbino (d. 1631)
March 10 – Francis Solanus, Spanish missionary and saint (d. 1610)
March 11 – Hendrik Laurenszoon Spiegel, Dutch writer (d. 1612)
April 5 – Françoise d'Orléans-Longueville, French princess (d. 1601)
April 13 – Count Juraj IV Zrinski of Croatia (d. 1603)
June 15 – Elizabeth Knollys, English noblewoman (d. 1605)
July 2 – Duchess Sabine of Württemberg, by marriage Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1581)
July 5 – Francesco Maria del Monte, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1627)
July 12 – Edward Manners, 3rd Earl of Rutland (d. 1587)
July 20 – Pierre de Larivey, Italian-born French dramatist (d. 1619)
July 30 – Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1609)
August 2 – Mikołaj Krzysztof "the Orphan" Radziwiłł, Polish nobleman (d. 1616)
August 10 – Catherine of Brandenburg-Küstrin, daughter of Margrave John of Küstrin (d. 1602)
September 1 – Charles Philippe de Croÿ, Marquis d’Havré, Belgian noble and politician (d. 1613)
November 2 – Anna of Austria, Queen of Spain (d. 1580)
November 5 – Philippe de Mornay, French writer (d. 1623)
November 30 – Sir Henry Savile, English educator (d. 1622)
December 9 – Costanzo Antegnati, Italian composer, organist (d. 1624)
December 20 – John Petre, 1st Baron Petre, English politician and baron (d. 1613)
December 24 – Kaspar Ulenberg, German theologian (d. 1617)^[385]
date unknown
- Kutsuki Mototsuna, Japanese military commander (d. 1632)
- John Rainolds, English scholar and Bible translator (d. 1607)
- Juan de Salcedo, Spanish conquistador (d. 1576)
- Marek Sobieski, Polish noble (d. 1605)
- Ogawa Suketada, Japanese warlord (d. 1601)

Deaths

1540

c. January – Elizabeth Blount, mistress of Henry VIII of England (b. 1502)
January 27 – Angela Merici, Italian religious leader and saint (b. 1474)
March 30 – Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg, German statesman and archbishop of Salzburg (b. 1469)
April 21 – Afonso of Portugal, Catholic cardinal (b. 1509)
May 6 – Juan Luís Vives, Spanish scholar (b. 1492)
May 22 – Francesco Guicciardini, Italian statesman and historian (b. 1483)
June 16 – Konrad von Thüngen, German noble (b. c. 1466)
July 22 – John Zápolya, King of Hungary (b. c. 1490)
July 28 – Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex, English statesman (executed) (b. c.1485)^[386]
July 30
- Thomas Abel, English priest (martyred) (b. c. 1497)
- Robert Barnes, English reformer (martyred) (b. 1495)
- Eric I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg (1491–1540) (b. 1470)
August 23 – Guillaume Budé, French scholar (b. 1467)^[387]
August 24 – Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola (Parmigianino), Italian artist (b. 1503)
August 28 – Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (b. 1500)
September 2 – Lebna Dengel, Emperor of Ethiopia (in battle) (b. 1501)
September 16 – Enrique de Borja y Aragón, Spanish noble of the House of Borgia (b. 1518)
September 20 – Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães, son of King Manuel I of Portugal (b. 1515)
October 5 – Helius Eobanus Hessus, German Latin poet (b. 1488)
date unknown – Francisco de Ulloa, Spanish explorer
probable
- Tristão da Cunha, Portuguese explorer (b. 1460)
- Johann Georg Faust, German alchemist (b. 1480)

1541

January 2 – Wang Gen, Chinese philosopher (b. 1483)
January 5 – Philip of the Palatinate, Bishop of Freising and Naumburg (b. 1480)^[388]
April – Jerzy Radziwiłł, Polish nobleman (b. 1480)^[389]
April 21 – James, Duke of Rothesay, Scottish prince (b. 1540)
April 24 – Celio Calcagnini, Italian astronomer (b. 1479)^[390]
April 29 – Johann Gramann, German theologian (b. 1487)^[391]
May 27 – Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury (executed) (b. 1473)^[392]
June 26 – Francisco Pizarro, Spanish conquistador (b. c. 1475)^[393]
July 4 – Pedro de Alvarado, Spanish conquistador (b. 1495)^[394]
August – Juan de Valdés, Spanish religious writer (b. 1500)^[395]
August 1 – Simon Grynaeus, German scholar and theologian (b. 1493)^[396]
August 18 – Henry IV, Duke of Saxony (1539–1541) (b. 1473)^[397]
August 19 – Vincenzo Cappello, Venetian admiral and statesman (b. 1469)^[398]
September 24 – Paracelsus, Swiss alchemist and physician (b. 1493)^[399]
September – Beatriz de la Cueva, Governor of Guatemala (b. 1510)^[22]
October 18 – Margaret Tudor, queen of James IV of Scotland (b. 1489)^[400]
November 4 – Wolfgang Fabricius Capito, German reformer (b. 1478)^[401]
November 30 – Amago Tsunehisa, Japanese warlord (b. 1458)
December 10
- Thomas Culpeper, English courtier, lover of Catherine Howard (b. c. 1514)^[402]
- Francis Dereham, English lover of Catherine Howard (executed)^[402]
December 24 – Andreas Karlstadt, Christian theologian and reformer (b. 1486)^[403]
date unknown
- Jean Clouet, French miniature painter (b. 1480)^[404]
- Margareta von Melen, Swedish noblewoman (b. 1489)
- Gül Baba, Ottoman dervish poet^[405]
- Giovanni Guidiccioni, Italian poet (b. 1480)^[406]
- Gazi Husrev-beg, Ottoman statesmen (b. 1480)^[407]

1542

January 21 – Azai Sukemasa, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1491)^[408]
February – Nikolaus Federmann, German adventurer in Venezuela and Colombia (b. 1501)^[409]
February 1 – Girolamo Aleandro, Italian cardinal (b. 1480)^[410]
February 13
- Catherine Howard, fifth queen of Henry VIII of England (executed) (born c. 1522)^[411]
- Jane Boleyn, Viscountess Rochford, English noblewoman (executed) (born c. 1505)^[412]
March 3 – Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle, illegitimate son of King Edward IV of England^[413]
May 21 – Hernando de Soto, Spanish explorer, navigator and conquistador (b. c. 1500)^[414]
June 14 – Christoph von Scheurl, German writer (b. 1481)^[415]
June 19 – Leo Jud, Swiss reformer (b. 1482)^[416]
July 15 – Lisa del Giocondo, Florentine noblewoman, believed to be the subject of the Mona Lisa (b. 1479)
August 24 – Gasparo Contarini, Italian diplomat and cardinal (b. 1483)^[417]
August 29 – Cristóvão da Gama, Portuguese soldier (b. c. 1516)^[418]
September 17 – Lucas Fernández, Spanish dramatist and musician (b. c. 1474)^[419]
September 21 – Juan Boscán Almogáver, Spanish poet (b. c. 1490)^[420]
October 11 – Thomas Wyatt, English poet and diplomat (b. 1503)^[421]
October 18 – Giovanni Gaddi, Italian priest (b. 1493)^[422]
December 14 – King James V of Scotland (b. 1512)^[423]
December 16 – Thomas Lovett III, High Sheriff of Northamptonshire (b. 1473)^[424]
date unknown
- Dosso Dossi, Italian painter (b. 1490)^[425]
- Lapulapu, Filipino king (b. 1491)

1543

January 2 – Francesco Canova da Milano, Italian composer (b. 1497)
January 3 – Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, Portuguese explorer (b. 1499)
January 9 – Guillaume du Bellay, French diplomat and general (b. 1491)
February 13 – Johann Eck, German Scholastic theologian (b. 1486)
February 21 – Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, Imam of Adal (in battle) (b. c. 1506)
March 2 – John Neville, 3rd Baron Latimer, English politician (b. 1493)
March 6 – Baccio D'Agnolo, Florentine woodcarver (b. 1460)
April 23 – Susanna of Bavaria, German noble, House of Wittelsbach (b. 1502)
May 24 – Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish mathematician and astronomer (b. 1473)^[426]
June 27 – Agnolo Firenzuola, Italian poet (b. 1493)
July 19 – Mary Boleyn, English courtier, mistress of Kings Francis I of France and Henry VIII of England (b. 1500)^[427]
August 1 – Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg, German noble (b. 1470)
August 29 – Maria of Jülich-Berg, German duchess, Spouse of John III, Duke of Cleves (b. 1491)
September 2 – Sultan Quli Qutb Mulk, founder of the Qutb Shahi dynasty of Golconda (b. 1470)
September 20 – Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland (b. 1492)
September 23 – Johanna of Hachberg-Sausenberg, countess regnant of Neuchatel (b. 1485)
November 29 – Hans Holbein the Younger, German artist, active in England^[428]
December 27 – George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (b. 1484)
December 29 – Maria Salviati, Italian noble (b. 1499)
December 30 – Gian Matteo Giberti, Italian Catholic bishop (b. 1495)
date unknown
- Polidoro da Caravaggio, Italian painter (b. 1492; murdered)^[429]
- Madeleine Lartessuti, French shipper and banker (b. 1478)
- Al-Mutawakkil III, last caliph of the Cairo-based Abbasid caliphate
- Sehzade Mehmed, Ottoman prince (b. 1521)
probable
- Sebastian Franck, German freethinker (b. 1515)
- Margaret Lee, English courtier, sister of poet Thomas Wyatt (b. 1506)

1544

March 16 – Louis V, Elector Palatine (1508–1544) (b. 1478)^[430]
March 22 – Johannes Magnus, last Catholic Archbishop of Sweden (b. 1488)^[431]
April 30 – Thomas Audley, Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1488)^[432]
June 14 – Antoine, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1489)^[433]
July 15 – René of Châlon, Prince of the House of Orange (b. 1519)^[434]
June 23 – Eleonore of Fürstenberg, wife of Philip IV, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (b. 1523)^[435]
August 19 – Hans Buser, Swiss noble (b. 1513)
September 12 – Clément Marot, French poet (b. 1496)^[436]
September 25 – Valerius Cordus, German physician and scientist (b. 1515)^[437]
October 10 – Charles Blount, 5th Baron Mountjoy, English courtier and patron of learning (b. 1516)^[438]
October 12 – Antonio Pucci, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1485)^[439]
November 13 – Ursula van Beckum, Dutch Anapabtist (b. 1520)^[440]
November 15 – Lucy Brocadelli, Dominican tertiary and stigmatic (b. 1476)^[441]
November 29 – Jungjong of Joseon (b. 1488)
December 9 – Teofilo Folengo, Italian poet (b. 1491)^[442]
date unknown
- Ulick na gCeann Burke, 1st Earl of Clanricarde^[443]^[444]
- Chen Chun, Chinese painter (b. 1483)^[445]
- Margaret Roper, English writer (b. 1505)^[446]
- Nilakantha Somayaji, Indian mathematician and astronomer (b. 1444)^[447]
- Manco Inca Yupanqui, Inca ruler (b. 1516)^[448]
- Bonaventure des Périers, French author (b. 1500)^[449]

1545

January 16 – George Spalatin, German reformer (b. 1484)
February 12 or April 2 – Stanisław Odrowąż, Polish noble (b. 1509)
April 3 – Antonio de Guevara, Spanish chronicler and moralist (b. 1481)
April 10 – Costanzo Festa, Italian composer (b. 1495)
April 22 – Louis X, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1496)
April 25 – Jobst II, Count of Hoya (b. 1493)
May – Agnes Howard, Duchess of Norfolk, English noblewoman (b. c. 1477)
May 22 – Sher Shah Suri, Indian ruler (b. 1486)
June 4 – John Louis, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken (1472–1545) (b. 1472)
June 12 – Francis I, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1517)
June 15 – Elizabeth of Austria, Polish noble (b. 1526)
July 7 – Pernette Du Guillet, French poet (b. c. 1520)
July 12 – Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal (b. 1527)
August 8 – Injong of Joseon, 12th king of the Joseon dynasty of Korea (b. 1515)
August 22 – Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English politician and husband of Mary Tudor (b. c. 1484)
August 27 – Piotr Gamrat, Polish Catholic archbishop (b. 1487)
September
- Hans Baldung, German artist (b. 1480)
- Hkonmaing, king of the Ava kingdom (b. c. 1497)
September 1 – Francis de Bourbon, Count of St. Pol, French noble (b. 1491)
September 9 – Charles II de Valois, Duke of Orléans, (b. 1522)
September 24 – Albert of Mainz, elector and archbishop of Mainz (b. 1490)
October 18 – John Taverner, English composer (b. c. 1490)^[450]
date unknown
- William Latimer, English churchman and scholar (b. c. 1467)
- Fernão Lopez, Portuguese renegade
- Vicente Masip, Spanish painter (b. 1506)

1546

January 11
- Ernest I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b. 1497)
- Gaudenzio Ferrari, Italian painter and sculptor (b. c. 1471)
January 21 – Azai Sukemasa, daimyō (b. 1491)
February 18 – Martin Luther, German religious reformer (b. 1483)^[451]
February 23 – Francis, Count of Enghien, French military leader (b. 1519)
March 1 – George Wishart, Scottish religious reformer (martyred) (b. 1513)
March 26 – Thomas Elyot, English diplomat and scholar (b. c. 1490)
April 7 – Friedrich Myconius, German Lutheran theologian (b. 1491)^[452]
May 17 – Philipp von Hutten, German explorer (b. 1511)
May 28 – Ottaviano de' Medici, Italian politician (b. 1484)
May 29 – David Beaton, Scottish Catholic cardinal (assassinated) (b. c. 1494)
June 13 – Fridolin Sicher, Swiss composer (b. 1490)
July 4 – Khair ad Din "Barbarossa", corsair ruler of Algiers (b. 1475)
July 9 – Robert Maxwell, 5th Lord Maxwell, Scottish statesman (b. c. 1493)
July 16 – Anne Askew, English Protestant (burned at the stake) (b. 1521)
August 1 – Peter Faber, French Jesuit theologian (b. 1506)^[453]
August 3
- Étienne Dolet, French scholar and printer (b. 1509)^[454]
- Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, Italian architect (b. 1484)
August 12 – Francisco de Vitoria, Renaissance theologian (b. 1492)
November 1 – Giulio Romano, Italian painter (b. 1499)

1547

January 5 – Johann Heß, German theologian (b. 1490)^[455]
January 7 –Albrecht VII, Duke of Mecklenburg (b. 1486)^[456]
January 16 – Johannes Schöner, German astronomer and cartographer (b. 1477)^[457]
January 18 – Pietro Bembo, Italian cardinal and scholar (b. 1470)^[458]
January 19 – Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, English nobleman, politician and poet, beheaded (b. c.1517)^[165]
January 27 – Anne of Bohemia and Hungary, Queen consort of the Romans, Bohemia and Hungary (b. 1503)^[459]
January 28 – King Henry VIII of England (b. 1491)^[169]^[460]
February 25 – Vittoria Colonna, marchioness of Pescara (b. 1490)^[461]
February 28 – Philippa of Guelders, Duchess of Lorraine (b. 1467)^[462]
March 31 – King Francis I of France (b. 1494)^[172]^[463]
April 11 – Dorothea of Denmark, Duchess of Prussia, Danish princess (b. 1504)^[464]
May 22 – Daniel, Metropolitan of Moscow (b. c. 1492)^[465]
c. May – Edward Hall, English chronicler and lawyer (b. c.1496)^[466]
June 21 – Sebastiano del Piombo, Italian painter (b. 1485)^[467]
July 20 – Beatus Rhenanus, German humanist and religious reformer (b. 1485)^[468]
August 7 – Saint Cajetan, Italian priest and saint (b. 1480)^[469]
August 17 – Katharina von Zimmern, Swiss sovereign abbess (b. 1478)^[470]
September 10 – Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma (b. 1503)^[183]
September 17 – Frederick II of Legnica, Duke of Legnica from 1488 (until 1495 and 1505 with his brothers) (b. 1480)^[471]
October 18 – Jacopo Sadoleto, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1477)^[472]
December 2 – Hernán Cortés, Spanish conquistador of Mexico (b. 1485)^[473]
December 28 – Konrad Peutinger, German humanist and antiquarian (b. 1465)^[474]
date unknown
- Jörg Breu the Younger, German painter (b. 1510)^[475]
- Meera (Mirabai), Rajput princess (b. 1498)^[476]
- Photisarath, King of Laos (b. 1501)^[477]

1548

January 9 – Matthäus Zell, German Lutheran pastor (b. 1477)^[478]
January 23 – Bernardo Pisano, Italian composer (b. 1490)^[479]
February 26 – Lorenzino de' Medici, Italian writer and assassin (b. 1514)^[480]
March 23 – Itagaki Nobukata, Japanese retainer
March 24 – Gissur Einarsson, first Lutheran bishop in Iceland
April 1 – King Sigismund I the Old of Poland (b. 1467)^[201]
June 3 – Juan de Zumárraga, Spanish Catholic bishop of Mexico (b. 1468)^[481]
June 6 – João de Castro, Portuguese explorer (b. 1500)^[482]
June 14 – Carpentras, French composer (b. c. 1470)^[483]
July 4 – Philip, Duke of Palatinate-Neuburg, German duke (b. 1503)^[484]
July 29 – Gian Gabriele I of Saluzzo, Italian abbot, Marquess of Saluzzo (b. 1501)^[485]
August 2 – Henry II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels and Count of Glatz (b. 1507)^[486]
September 5 – Catherine Parr, sixth and last Queen of Henry VIII of England (b. c. 1512)^[487]
September 8 – John III of Pernstein, Bohemian land-owner, Governor of Moravia and Count of Kladsko (b. 1487)^[488]
October 27 – Johannes Dantiscus, Polish poet and Bishop of Warmia (b. 1485)^[489]
November 16 – Caspar Creuziger, German humanist (b. 1504)^[490]
December 27 – Francesco Spiera, Italian Protestant jurist (b. 1502)^[491]
date unknown
- Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin, Mexican Catholic saint (b. 1474)^[492]
- Chief Queen Sri Suriyothai, consort of King Maha Chakkrapat of Ayutthaya (killed in battle)^[493]
- Strongilah, Jewish Ottoman businesswoman.^[494]

1549

January 28 – Elia Levita, German Yiddish writer (b. 1469)
February 14 – Il Sodoma, Italian painter (b. 1477)
March – Mingyi Swe, Burmese viceroy of Toungoo
March 14 – Lorenzo Cybo, Italian condottiero (b. 1500)
March 20 – Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley, English politician and diplomat (b. 1508)
March 25 – Veit Dietrich, German theologian, writer and reformer (b. 1506)^[495]
April – Andrew Boorde, English traveller (b. 1490)
April 3 – Matsudaira Hirotada, Japanese daimyo (b. 1526)
April 15 – Christine of Saxony, German noble (b. 1505)
April 24 – Ralph Neville, 4th Earl of Westmorland, English earl (b. 1498)
May 11 – María de Toledo, Vicereine and regent of the Spanish Colony of Santo Domingo (b. 1490)
June 26 – Luis Cáncer, Spanish Dominican priest, missionary, martyr and servant of God (b. 1500)
July 19 – Edmund Sheffield, 1st Baron Sheffield, English baron (b. 1521)
August 11 – Otto I, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg, Prince of Lüneburg and Baron of Harburg (b. 1495)
September 10 – Anthony Denny, confidant of Henry VIII of England (b. 1501)
September 21 – Benedetto Accolti the Younger, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1497)
October 27 – Marie d'Albret, Countess of Rethel, French nobility (b. 1491)
November 10 – Pope Paul III (b. 1468)^[496]
November 26 – Henry Somerset, 2nd Earl of Worcester (b. 1496)
December 7 – Robert Kett, English rebel (executed)
December 21 – Marguerite de Navarre, queen of Henry II of Navarre (b. 1492)^[497]
date unknown
- Daniel Bomberg, Brabantian printer^[498]

References

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