1978 (MCMLXXVIII ) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar , the 1978th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 978th year of the 2nd millennium , the 78th year of the 20th century , and the 9th year of the 1970s decade.
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(September 2020 )
Clockwise from top-left: the Jonestown massacre occurs, leaving 909 people dead; Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 182 collides with a private Cessna 172 light aircraft, killing 146 people; an earthquake in Tabas kills around 25,000 people; the 1978 FIFA World Cup is held in Argentina ; the Saur Revolution marks the end of power of the Barakzai dynasty after 152 years; Air India Flight 855 crashes around 3 km (1.9 mi) off the coast of Bandra , killing all passengers and crew aboard; Aldo Moro is kidnapped and murdered by the Red Brigades ; the Camp David Accords are signed.
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1978 .
January
January 1 – Air India Flight 855 , a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay , killing 213.[1]
January 5 – Bülent Ecevit , of CHP , forms the new government of Turkey (42nd government).[2]
January 6 – The Holy Crown of Hungary (also known as Stephen of Hungary Crown) is returned to Hungary from the United States, where it was held since World War II .[3]
January 10 – Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal , a critic of the Nicaraguan government, is assassinated; riots erupt against Somoza 's government.[4] [5]
January 13 – Former American Vice President Hubert Humphrey , a Democrat, dies of cancer in Waverly, Minnesota , at the age of 66.[6] [7]
January 18 – The European Court of Human Rights finds the British government guilty of mistreating prisoners in Northern Ireland , but not guilty of torture.[8]
January 22 – Ethiopia declares the ambassador of West Germany persona non grata .[9]
January 24
January 25 – 27 – The Great Blizzard of 1978 strikes the Ohio Valley and Great Lakes , killing 70.[11] [12]
February
February 1 – Film director Roman Polanski skips bail in the United States and flees to France, after pleading guilty to charges of engaging in sex with a 13-year-old girl.[13]
February 5 –7 – The Northeastern United States blizzard of 1978 hits the New England region and the New York metropolitan area , killing about 100, and causing over US$520 million in damage.
February 6 – King Dragon operation in Arakan : Burmese General Ne Win targets Muslim minorities in the village of Sakkipara.
February 8 – United States Senate proceedings are broadcast on radio for the first time.[14]
February 9 – The Budd Company unveils its first SPV-2000 self-propelled railcar in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania , United States.[15]
February 11
February 13 – Sydney Hilton Hotel bombing : A bomb explodes outside the Hilton Hotel in Sydney, Australia, killing a policeman and two civilians, and injuring several other people.
February 15 – Rhodesia , one of only two remaining white-ruled African nations (the other being South Africa), announces that it will accept multiracial democracy within 2 years.
February 19 – Egyptian raid on Larnaca International Airport : Egyptian Special Forces attempt to rescue several hostages in Larnaca, Cyprus; 20 Egyptian commandos are injured or killed.
February 25 – The first Legislative Assembly election is held in Arunachal Pradesh , India.
February 27 – The first global positioning satellite , the Rockwell International -built Navstar 1 , is launched by the United States.[18]
March
March 1 – Charlie Chaplin 's remains are stolen from Cosier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland.[19]
March 2 – Soyuz 28 (Aleksei Gubarev , Vladimír Remek ) is launched on a rendezvous with Salyut 6 , with the first cosmonaut from a country other than the US or USSR (Czechoslovakian Vladimír Remek).
March 3
March 8 – The first radio episode of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy , by Douglas Adams , is transmitted on BBC Radio 4 .
March 10 – Soyuz 28 lands.
March 11
March 14 – Operation Litani : Israeli forces invade Lebanon .
March 15 – Somalia and Ethiopia sign a truce to end the Ethio-Somali War .
March 16 – Former Italian Premier Aldo Moro is kidnapped by the Red Brigades ; 5 bodyguards are killed.
March 17 – An oil tanker, Amoco Cadiz , runs aground on the coast of Brittany .
March 18
March 22 – Karl Wallenda of The Flying Wallendas dies, after falling off a tight-rope between two hotels in San Juan, Puerto Rico .
March 26 – The control tower and some other facilities of New Tokyo International Airport , which were scheduled to open on March 31, are illegally occupied and damaged in a terrorist attack by New Left activists, forcing a rescheduling of its opening date to May 20.
March 28
April
April 1
April 2 – Dallas debuts on CBS , and gives birth to the modern day primetime soap opera.[22]
April 3 – The 50th Academy Awards are held at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles , with Annie Hall winning Best Picture .[23]
April 7 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter decides to postpone production of the neutron bomb , a weapon that kills people with radiation, but leaves buildings relatively intact.[24]
April 9 – Somali military officers stage an unsuccessful coup against the government of Siad Barre ; security forces thwart the attempt within hours, and several conspirators are arrested.[25] [26]
April 14 – 1978 Tbilisi Demonstrations : Thousands of Georgians demonstrate against an attempt by Soviet authorities to change the constitutional status of the Georgian language .[27]
April 18 – The U.S. Senate votes, 68–32, to turn the Panama Canal over to Panamanian control on December 31, 1999 .[28]
April 18 – 30 – The Khmer Rouge massacres 3,157 civilians in Ba Chúc , Vietnam.[29]
April 20 – A Soviet air defense plane shoots down Korean Air Lines Flight 902 ; the plane makes an emergency landing on a frozen lake.[30] [31]
April 22
April 25 – St. Paul, Minnesota becomes the second U.S. city to repeal its gay rights ordinance, after Anita Bryant 's successful 1977 anti-gay campaign in Miami-Dade County, Florida .
April 27
April 30 – The "Democratic Republic of Afghanistan " is proclaimed, under pro-communist leader Nur Muhammad Taraki .[38]
May
May 4
May 8
May 9 – In Rome, the corpse of former Italian prime minister Aldo Moro , is found in a red Renault 4 .
May 12 – In Zaire , rebels occupy the city of Kolwezi , the mining centre of the province of Shaba . The Zairean government asks the U.S., France and Belgium to restore order.
May 12 –13 – A group of mercenaries , led by Bob Denard , oust Ali Soilih in the Comoros ; ten local soldiers are killed. Denard forms a new government.
May 15
May 17 – Charlie Chaplin 's coffin is found some 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the cemetery from which it was stolen, near Lake Geneva.[19]
May 18
May 18 –19 – Belgian and French paratroopers fly to Zaire, to aid the fight against the rebels.
May 19 –20 – French Foreign Legion paratroopers land in Kolwezi , Zaire , to rescue Europeans in the middle of a civil war.
May 20 – Mavis Hutchinson , 53, becomes the first woman to run across the U.S.; her trek took 69 days.
May 22 – Exiled leaders Ahmed Abdallah and Muhammad Ahmad return to the Comoros .
May 23 – American basketball player center Bill Walton of the Portland Trail Blazers was named the National Basketball Association regular season MVP.
May 25
May 26 – In Atlantic City, New Jersey , Resorts International, the first legal casino in the eastern United States, opens.
May 28 – Indianapolis 500 : Al Unser wins his third race, and the first for car owner Jim Hall .
May 29 – Ali Soilih is found dead in the Comoros , allegedly shot when trying to escape.
September
September 6 : Anwar Sadat , Jimmy Carter , and Menachem Begin meet on the Aspen Cabin patio at Camp David .
September 5 – Camp David Accords : Hosted by U.S. President Jimmy Carter , Israel's Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egypt's President Anwar Sadat met at Camp David in Maryland to discuss a peace agreement between the two nations.
September 7 – In London , UK, a poison-filled pellet, supposedly injected using an umbrella, fatally poisons Bulgarian defector Georgi Markov ; he dies four days later.
September 8 – Iranian Army troops open fire on rioters in Tehran , killing 122, wounding 4,000.
September 12 – The Declaration of Alma Ata is signed and released in the Capital City of Kazakh, USSR. Known as the core document on Primary Health Care Practices and Equity in Healthcare, it paved the way for the modern-day State-sponsored Healthcare System.
September 16
September 17 – The Camp David Accords are signed between Israel and Egypt.
September 19
September 20 – General Rahimuddin Khan assumes the post of martial law Governor of Balochistan .
September 23 – California Angels outfielder Lyman Bostock is shot to death at age 27 while visiting friends in Gary, Indiana during an Angels' road trip in Chicago, Illinois .
September 24 – Giuseppe Verdi 's opera Otello makes its first appearance on Live from the Met , in a complete production of the opera starring Jon Vickers . This is the first complete television broadcast of the opera in the U.S. since the historic 1948 one.[ citation needed ]
September 25 – PSA Flight 182 , a Boeing 727, collides with a small private airplane and crashes in San Diego , California ; 144 are killed.
September 27 – The last Forest Brother guerrilla movement fighter is discovered and killed in Estonia .
September 28 – Pope John Paul I dies after only 33 days after being installed as the Roman Catholic Pontiff.
September 30 – Finnair Flight 405 aircraft is hijacked by Aarno Lamminparras in Oulu , Finland .[43]
September – Attempted poisoning of 500 members of the African National Congress by South African government infiltrators.[44]
November
November 2 : 8:00 pm – The Republic of Ireland 's second television channel RTÉ 2 goes on air (renamed Network 2, 1988 ; RTÉ Network Two, 1995 ; N2, 1997 ; and RTÉ Two in 2004 ).
November 3 – Dominica gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
November 5 – Indira Gandhi is elected to the Indian parliament for the first time in 20 months after winning a by-election.[49]
November 18 – In Guyana , Jim Jones leads his Peoples Temple cult in a mass murder–suicide in his commune, Jonestown , that claims 918 lives in all, 909 of them at Jonestown itself, including over 270 children. Representative Leo J. Ryan is assassinated by members of Peoples Temple shortly beforehand.
November 24 – China starts an experimental "household responsibility system ", in Anhui Province .
November 26 – Two British commercial divers , Michael Ward and Tony Prangley, die of hypothermia and drowning in the East Shetland Basin after their diving bell plunges to the seabed at a depth of over 100 metres (330 ft) .[50] [51]
November 27 – Moscone-Milk assassinations : San Francisco Mayor George Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk are assassinated by disgruntled former Supervisor Dan White .
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January Jones
AJ McLean
Vijay Sethupathi
Kristen Schaal
Volodymyr Zelenskyy
Sheamus
Kelly Sullivan
Ashton Kutcher
Omotola Jalade Ekeinde
Don Omar
Danai Gurira
Kim Ha-neul
Jensen Ackles
Claudio Sanchez
Antonio Margarito
Rani Mukerji
Lauren Ridloff
Duncan James
Paola Núñez
James Franco
Stana Katic
Kenan Thompson
Judy Ann Santos
Jason Biggs
Jake Johnson
Antonietta Di Martino
Nikki Cox
Justin Long
Nick Kroll
Bill Hader
Shane West
Joshua Jackson
Daniel Brühl
Mía Maestro
Zoe Saldaña
Frank Lampard
Erica Durance
Nicole Scherzinger
Jüri Ratas
Tia Mowry
Tamera Mowry
Topher Grace
Michelle Rodriguez
Pavel Datsyuk
Josh Hartnett
Kurt Busch
Andy Samberg
Noah Bean
James Corden
Kobe Bryant
Kel Mitchell
Amanda Schull
Gina Gogean
Ben McKenzie
Ron DeSantis
Sarit Hadad
Anthony Mackie
Ani Lorak
Claudio Pizarro
James Valentine
Usher
CM Punk
Matthew Morrison
Eve
Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy
Santiago Peña
Rachel McAdams
Robert Kirkman
Stefan Kapičić
Ian Somerhalder
Manny Pacquiao
Josh Dallas
Katie Holmes
John Legend
Tyrese Gibson
January
January 1 – Philip Mulryne , Northern Irish footballer
January 2 – Karina Smirnoff , Ukrainian-American dancer
January 3
January 4 – Karine Ruby , French snowboarder (d. 2009 )
January 5
January 7 – Emilio Palma , Argentine citizen, first human born in Antarctica
January 9
January 10 – Kanako Mitsuhashi , Japanese voice actress
January 11 – Emile Heskey , English footballer
January 12 – Hannah Gadsby , Australian comedian
January 13
January 14 – Shawn Crawford , American sprinter
January 15
January 16 – Vijay Sethupathi , Indian actor
January 17
January 18
January 20 – Omar Sy , French actor and comedian
January 24 – Kristen Schaal , American actress, comedian, and writer[60]
January 25 – Volodymyr Zelenskyy , Ukrainian politician and comedian, President of Ukraine[61]
January 28
February
February 2
February 3
February 4 – Danna García , Colombian actress and model
February 5
February 6
February 7
February 10
February 12
February 13 – Niklas Bäckström , Finnish hockey player
February 14
February 15 – Rafał Romanowski , Polish politician
February 16
February 19
February 20
February 21
February 22 – Jenny Frost , English singer
February 23 – Dan Snyder , Canadian hockey player (d. 2003 )
February 24 – Gary , South Korean musician, entertainer
February 25 – Yuji Nakazawa , Japanese footballer[72]
February 27 – Kakha Kaladze , Georgian footballer and politician, Mayor of Tbilisi
February 28
May
May 4 – Daisuke Ono , Japanese voice actor
May 6
May 8 – Lúcio , Brazilian footballer[81]
May 10 – Kenan Thompson , African-American actor and comedian[82]
May 11
May 12
May 13 – Barry Zito , American baseball player
May 14 – Elisa Togut , Italian volleyball player[84]
May 15
May 16 – Lionel Scaloni , Argentine football coach and former football player[85]
May 18
May 19 – Marcus Bent , English footballer ***
May 22
May 25 – Adam Gontier , Canadian singer
May 28
May 29
May 30 – Lyoto Machida , Brazilian mixed martial artist
May 31 – Sara Duterte , 15th Vice President of the Philippines
June
June 1 – Antonietta Di Martino , Italian high-jumper
June 2
June 4 – Simone Maludrottu , Italian boxer
June 5 – Nick Kroll , American actor and comedian[92]
June 6
June 7
June 8
June 9
June 10
June 11 – Joshua Jackson , Canadian actor
June 13
June 14 – Nikola Vujčić , Croatian basketball player and team manager of Maccabi Tel Aviv [100]
June 15 – Wilfred Bouma , Dutch footballer
June 16 – Daniel Brühl , German actor
June 18 – Tara Platt , American actress and author
June 19
June 20 – Frank Lampard , English footballer
June 21
June 22
June 23
June 24
June 25
June 26
June 28 – Ha Ji-won , South Korean actress and singer
June 29
July
July 1
July 2
July 3
July 4 – Becki Newton , American actress
July 5
July 6
July 7
July 8 – Erin Morgenstern , American artist and author
July 9
July 10
July 11
July 12
July 13 – Gary David , Filipino professional basketball player
July 14 – Roger Clark , American actor
July 15
July 16 – Ahmede Hussain , Bangladeshi writer
July 17
July 18
July 20
July 21
July 22
July 23 – Stefanie Sun , Singapore singer
July 25
July 26
July 28
July 29 – Ayşe Hatun Önal , Turkish singer, actress, model and beauty pageant[106]
July 31 – Nick Sorensen , American football player and sportscaster
July – Caucher Birkar , born Fereydoun Derakhshani, Kurdish-born mathematician
August
August 3 – Mariusz Jop , Polish football player and coach
August 4 – Kurt Busch , American race car driver
August 5
August 6
August 7
August 8
August 10 – Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono , Indonesian politician and former military officer
August 15
August 17
August 18 – Andy Samberg , American actor and comedian
August 20 – Noah Bean , American actor
August 21
August 22
August 23 – Kobe Bryant , American basketball player (d. 2020 )
August 25 – Kel Mitchell , American actor, stand-up comedian, musician, singer, and rapper
August 26 – Amanda Schull , American actress
August 27 – Suranne Jones , English actress
August 28
August 29 – Danielle Hampton , Canadian actress
August 31
September
September 1 – Manju Warrier , Indian actress
September 2 – Tatiana Okupnik , Polish singer and composer
September 3 – Tinkara Kovač , Slovenian singer and musician
September 4
September 5 – Chris Hipkins , New Zealand Prime Minister
September 6
September 7 – Devon Sawa , Canadian actor
September 9 – Gina Gogean , Romania artistic gymnast
September 11
September 12
September 13 – Megan Henning , American actress
September 14
September 15 – Eiður Guðjohnsen , Icelandic football player
September 16 – Stephanie Murphy , American politician[111]
September 18 – Billy Eichner , American actor and comedian
September 19 – Mariano Puerta , Argentine tennis player[112]
September 20
September 21
September 22 – Harry Kewell , Australian footballer
September 23
September 24 – Wietse van Alten , Dutch archer
September 25
September 27 – Ani Lorak , Ukrainian singer
September 28
September 29 – Kurt Nilsen , Norwegian singer
September 30 – Candice Michelle , American professional wrestler and model