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3-Chloroamphetamine
Serotonergic neurotoxin From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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3-Chloroamphetamine (3-CA; code name PAL-304), also known as meta-chloroamphetamine (MCA), is a psychostimulant of the amphetamine family and a serotonergic neurotoxin related to para-chloroamphetamine (PCA; 4-chloroamphetamine).[1][2][3][4]
The drug is a potent serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA).[5][6][7] Its EC50 values for induction of monoamine release are 9.4 nM for norepinephrine, 11.8 nM for dopamine, and 120 nM for serotonin. Hence, 3-CA shows around 10-fold preference for induction of catecholamine release over induction of serotonin release.[5][6][8][9]
3-CA is closely related to the potent serotonergic neurotoxin PCA.[10][11][1] In contrast to PCA, 3-CA produced no serotonergic neurotoxicity in rodents.[10][11][1] However, this was found to be due to rapid metabolism via para-hydroxylation.[11][1] When the metabolism of 3-CA was inhibited, the drug produced approximately equivalent serotonergic neurotoxicity to PCA.[11][1]
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